https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm

掃描 ID：: b66aa082-3738-4eb4-982d-aa495d700e43已完成
已提交的 URL：: https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm
報告完成時間：: 2024年12月15日 21:19:04
連結 · 找到 53 個

從頁面中識別的傳出連結
連結	Text
https://science.howstuffworks.com/	Science
https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tech	Tech
https://home.howstuffworks.com/	Home& Garden
https://auto.howstuffworks.com/	Auto
https://health.howstuffworks.com/	Health
https://money.howstuffworks.com/	Money
https://animals.howstuffworks.com/	Animals
https://lifestyle.howstuffworks.com/	Lifestyle
https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/	Entertainment
https://play.howstuffworks.com/	Quizzes
JavaScript 變數 · 找到 100 個

在頁面的視窗物件上載入的全域 JavaScript 變數是在函數外部宣告的變數，可從目前範圍內程式碼中的任何位置存取
名稱	類型
0	object
1	object
2	object
3	object
4	object
onbeforetoggle	object
documentPictureInPicture	object
onscrollend	object
viewingEnvironment	string
HSW	object
主控台記錄訊息 · 找到 2 條

記錄到 Web 主控台的訊息
類型	類別	記錄
debug	javascript	URL https://ob.system1onesource.com/i/35289458b2de2bf5220f730bdbc66486.js Text JSHandle@error
debug	other	URL https://rampjs-cdn.system1.com/ramp.js Text adLoadedCallback for container: rampjs_slot1
HTML

頁面的原始 HTML 主體
<!DOCTYPE html><html class="Article content-945307" lang="en-us" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/FAQPage"><head><script src="//bat.bing.com/bat.js" async=""></script><script src="https://partner.googleadservices.com/gampad/cookie.js?domain=people.howstuffworks.com&amp;client=infospace-hsw&amp;product=SAS&amp;callback=__sasCookie&amp;cookie_types=v1%2Cv2"></script><script src="https://www.google.com/adsense/search/ads.js"></script><meta charset="utf-8"><link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.hswstatic.com/fonts/roboto-v20-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
	<link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.hswstatic.com/fonts/roboto-v20-latin-700.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">

				
												

		<link rel="preload" as="image" type="image/avif" href="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6MzIwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" media="(max-width: 320px)">
				<link rel="preload" as="image" type="image/avif" href="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NDIwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" media="(min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 599px)">
		<link rel="preconnect" href="https://adservice.google.com">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://googleads4.g.doubleclick.net">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://c.amazon-adsystem.com">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://tpc.googlesyndication.com">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
	<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://ad.doubleclick.net">

	<meta name="template" content="Article">
	<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">

		<title>What Are the Three Branches of U.S. Government and How Do They Work Together? | HowStuffWorks</title><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-domain-script="17ee457c-e9a3-4e66-9b99-3c9e77442704"></script><script>
	var viewingEnvironment = "prod";
	var HSW = HSW || {};
	window.HSW = HSW;
	HSW.env = viewingEnvironment;
	HSW.domain = 'howstuffworks';
	HSW.site = 'HSW';
	HSW.domainFormatted = "//www.howstuffworks.com";
	HSW.domainApi = `${HSW.domainFormatted}`;
	HSW.staticHost = '//cdn.hswstatic.com';
	HSW.assetHost = '//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com';
	HSW.assetUrl = '//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2943/';
	HSW.dirHost = '//resize.hswstatic.com';
	HSW.mediaHost = 'media.hswstatic.com';
	HSW.mediaSrc = 'content.hswstatic.com';
	HSW.imageRouter = '';
	HSW.mp4Host = 'cdn-mp4.hswstatic.com';
	HSW.bdsUrl = 'https://bd.howstuffworks.com/direct';
	HSW.bdsProduct = 'hsw';
	HSW.contentType = 'article';
	HSW.subdomain = 'people';
	HSW.oneTrustSiteID = '17ee457c-e9a3-4e66-9b99-3c9e77442704';(function (w, n, m, l) {w[n] = w[n] || {};w[n][m] = w[n][m] || {};w[n][m][l] = w[n][m][l] || function (a, b) { (w[n][m].q = w[n][m].q || []).push([a, b]); }; })(window, 's1', 'DPL', 'log');function getCookie(c){var a=document.cookie,b=a.indexOf(" "+c+"=");-1==b&&(b=a.indexOf(c+"="));-1==b?a=null:(b=a.indexOf("=",b)+1,c=a.indexOf(";",b),-1==c&&(c=a.length),a=unescape(a.substring(b,c)));return a};function setCookie(n,v,ms,h,ss) {var e = "";if (ms) {var d = new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime() + ms);e = "; expires=" + d.toUTCString();}let nc = n + "=" + escape(v || "")  + e + "; path=/; domain=" + (h || HSW.domain+".com");document.cookie = nc + (ss ? 'SameSite=' + ss : '');}
	</script><script src="//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2943/js/vendor/alpine.v3.min.js" defer=""></script><script>
	"use strict";HSW.utilities={hashArgs:{},buildDir:function(e){return e.replace(HSW.staticHost,HSW.dirHost+"/w_300")},debugConsole:function(){var e="";if(""!==location.hash){var t=location.hash.substr(1).split("=");"c"===t[0]&&(e=t[1])}""!==e&&("ga-link-name"===e?HSW.utilities.loadScript("https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js",!0,function(){$("body").append('<div id="hsw-console" style="position: fixed; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; padding:20px; background-color: #CCC; border-top: 4px solid #777; text-align: center; font-weight: 400; z-index: 100;"></div>');var e=$("#hsw-console");e.html("Hover over a link"),$("a").on("mouseenter",function(t){var n=$(this).parents().map(function(){return $(this).attr("data-track-gtm")}).get().reverse().join(" : ");n+=$(this).attr("data-track-gtm")?" : "+$(this).attr("data-track-gtm"):"",e.html(n)}).on("mouseleave",function(t){e.html("Hover over a link")})}):console.warn("### HSW debug console // Unknown name type"))},extend:function(e){e=e||{};for(var t=1;t<arguments.length;t++)if(arguments[t])for(var n in arguments[t])arguments[t].hasOwnProperty(n)&&(e[n]=arguments[t][n]);return e},firePageview:function(){dataLayer&&pageMetricsData&&(pageMetricsData.guid=HSW.utilities.generateGuid(),dataLayer.push({url:location.pathname+location.hash,event:"page-view"}))},generateGuid:function(){var e=(new Date).getTime(),t=Math.floor(1e5*Math.random());return(e.toString()+("000000"+t).slice(-5)).substr(0,18)},getQueryVar:function(e){for(var t=window.location.search.substring(1).split("&"),n=0;n<t.length;n++){var r=t[n].split("=");if(r[0]===e)return decodeURIComponent(r[1].replace(/\+/g," "))}return!1},getViewportWidth:function(){window;var e=document.documentElement;return Math.max(e.offsetWidth,e.clientWidth)},init:function(){HSW.utilities.docReady(function(){HSW.utilities.debugConsole(),HSW.utilities.lazyLoadElements(),window.onbeforeprint=function(){for(var e=document.getElementsByClassName("lazyload"),t=0;t<e.length;t++)HSW.utilities.exposeElement(e[t])}}),HSW.utilities.parseHash()},docReady:function(e){"loading"!=document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)},delayLoad:function(e){window.addEventListener("scroll",function t(){window.removeEventListener("scroll",t),e()})},isMobile:function(){return HSW.utilities.getViewportWidth()<768},hasNewsletterCookie:function(){let e=["__smListBuilderShown","__smListBuilderOptOut","hsw_nl","hsw_nlsub"],t=!1;for(const n of e)if(!0==(t=null!==getCookie(n)))return!0;return!1},loadJson:function(e,t){var n=new XMLHttpRequest;n.open("GET",e,!0),n.onload=function(){if(this.status>=200&&this.status<400){var e=JSON.parse(this.response);t(e)}},n.onerror=function(){},n.send()},loadScript:function(e,t,n){var r=document.createElement("script");r.src=e,r.async=t,n&&(r.onload=n),document.head.appendChild(r)},loadScriptAsync:function(e){return new Promise(function(t,n){var r=document.createElement("script");r.src=e,r.async=!0,r.onload=function(){t()},r.onerror=function(){n(e)};var o=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)})},parseHash:function(){if(""!==location.hash){var e=location.hash.substr(1).split("&");"ab"===e[0]&&(GACtest=e[1]),Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,function(e,t){if(-1!==e.indexOf("=")){var n=e.split("=");HSW.utilities.hashArgs[n[0]]=n[1]}})}},trimUrl:function(e){var t=e.split("?")[0].split("#")[0];if("/"===(t=t.replace(/^.*\/\/[^\/]+/,"")).charAt(0)&&(t=t.substr(1)),t.length>40&&(t=t.substr(t.length-40)),0===t.length){var n=location.hostname.split(".");t=n.length>2?n[0]:""}return t},exposeElement:function(e){if(e.classList.contains("loaded"))return;const t=e.tagName.toUpperCase();if(e.hasAttribute("data-background")){var n=e.getAttribute("style")||"",r=e.getAttribute("data-background");return void e.setAttribute("style","background-image: url("+r+"); "+n)}if("PICTURE"===t||"VIDEO"===t){var o=e.querySelectorAll("source"),i=e.querySelector("img");for(r=0;r<o.length;r++)o[r].hasAttribute("data-srcset")&&o[r].setAttribute("srcset",o[r].getAttribute("data-srcset")),o[r].hasAttribute("data-src")&&(o[r].src=o[r].dataset.src);i&&i.hasAttribute("data-src")&&i.setAttribute("src",i.getAttribute("data-src")),e.classList.add("loaded");var a=e.parentNode;return a.classList.contains("skeleton-box")&&a.classList.remove("skeleton-box"),void("VIDEO"===t&&e.load())}if("IMG"!==t&&"IFRAME"!==t)return void e.classList.add("loaded");const s=e=>{var t=e.getAttribute("data-src"),n=e.getAttribute("data-srcset");n&&e.setAttribute("srcset",n),t&&(e.setAttribute("src",t),e.classList.add("loaded"))};"IFRAME"===t?HSW.pq.add(()=>{s(e)}):s(e)},lazyLoadElements:function(e){var t=!!window.MSInputMethodContext&&!!document.documentMode;if("function"!=typeof IntersectionObserver||t)HSW.utilities.docReady(function(){for(var e=document.getElementsByClassName("lazyload"),t=0;t<e.length;t++)HSW.utilities.exposeElement(e[t])});else for(var n=new IntersectionObserver(function(e,t){for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var r=e[n];r.isIntersecting&&r.intersectionRatio>0&&(HSW.utilities.exposeElement(r.target),t.unobserve(r.target))}},{rootMargin:"200px 0px",threshold:.1}),r=(e=e||document.getElementsByClassName("lazyload"),0);r<e.length;r++)n.observe(e[r])},lazyLoadCallback:function(e,t,n){var r=!!window.MSInputMethodContext&&!!document.documentMode;if("function"!=typeof IntersectionObserver||r)return!1;if("function"!=typeof n)return!1;var o=parseInt(e)||0;return new IntersectionObserver(function(e,t){for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++){var o=e[r];o.isIntersecting&&o.intersectionRatio>0&&("requestAnimationFrame"in window?requestAnimationFrame(function(){n(o.target)}):n(o.target),t.unobserve(o.target))}},{rootMargin:o+"px 0px",threshold:.1}).observe(t),!0}},HSW.utilities.init(),void 0===Array.prototype.contains&&(Array.prototype.contains=function(e){for(var t=this.length;t--;)if(this[t]===e)return!0;return!1}),String.prototype.includes||(String.prototype.includes=function(e,t){if(e instanceof RegExp)throw TypeError("first argument must not be a RegExp");return void 0===t&&(t=0),-1!==this.indexOf(e,t)}),HSW.pq={queue:[],namedQueues:{ads:{queue:[],released:!1}},add:function(e,t){if("function"==typeof e)if(userData.consentGranted)e();else if(t){if(void 0===HSW.pq.namedQueues[t])return void console.error("Unknown named privacy queue.");HSW.pq.namedQueues[t].released?e():HSW.pq.namedQueues[t].queue.push(e)}else HSW.pq.queue.push(e);else console.warn("Only functions can be queued in privacy mgmt.")},release:function(e){const t=e=>{for(;e.length>0;){var t=e.shift();if("function"==typeof t)try{t()}catch(e){console.error(e)}}};if(e&&void 0!==HSW.pq.namedQueues[e])t(HSW.pq.namedQueues[e].queue),HSW.pq.namedQueues[e].released=!0;else{t(HSW.pq.queue);for(const e in HSW.pq.namedQueues)HSW.pq.namedQueues[e].released=!0,t(HSW.pq.namedQueues[e].queue)}}},HSW.ab=function(){var e,t,n,r,o={},i=/#!dev/,a="_easyab_seed";function s(t){var n;return r?(n=999*Math.random(),u(a,n,30)):(e||(e=function(){var e=c(a);e||(e=999*Math.random(),u(a,e,30));return e}()),n=e),Math.floor(n%t)}function u(e,t,n){if(n){var r=new Date;r.setTime(r.getTime()+60*n*1e3);var o="; expires="+r.toGMTString()}else o="";var i="string"==typeof HSW.domain?HSW.domain:"howstuffworks";document.cookie=e+"="+encodeURI(t)+o+"; domain=."+i+".com;path=/"}function c(e){for(var t=e+"=",n=document.cookie.split(";"),r=0;r<n.length;r++){for(var o=n[r];" "==o.charAt(0);)o=o.substring(1,o.length);if(0==o.indexOf(t))return o.substring(t.length,o.length)}return null}return o.easyab=function(e){return e&&"object"==typeof e&&navigator.cookieEnabled?void(e.name&&e.alternatives&&(r=i.test(window.location),0!==(n=s(e.alternatives.length+1))&&(t=e.alternatives[n-1],function(){if(t.alternative){var e=t.alternative;"function"==typeof e&&e()}}()))):this},o.tracksession=function(){pageMetricsData.abs=GACtest,c("hsw_abs")&&c("hsw_abs")==pageMetricsData.abs||u("hsw_abs",pageMetricsData.abs,30)},o.readCookie=function(e){return c(e)},o}();

	!function(e){var t={};function n(r){if(t[r])return t[r].exports;var i=t[r]={i:r,l:!1,exports:{}};return e[r].call(i.exports,i,i.exports,n),i.l=!0,i.exports}n.m=e,n.c=t,n.d=function(e,t,r){n.o(e,t)||Object.defineProperty(e,t,{enumerable:!0,get:r})},n.r=function(e){"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},n.t=function(e,t){if(1&t&&(e=n(e)),8&t)return e;if(4&t&&"object"==typeof e&&e&&e.__esModule)return e;var r=Object.create(null);if(n.r(r),Object.defineProperty(r,"default",{enumerable:!0,value:e}),2&t&&"string"!=typeof e)for(var i in e)n.d(r,i,function(t){return e[t]}.bind(null,i));return r},n.n=function(e){var t=e&&e.__esModule?function(){return e.default}:function(){return e};return n.d(t,"a",t),t},n.o=function(e,t){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t)},n.p="",n(n.s=0)}([function(e,t,n){"use strict";n.r(t);var r,i=function(){return window.performance&&performance.getEntriesByType&&performance.getEntriesByType("navigation")[0]},o=function(e){if("loading"===document.readyState)return"loading";var t=i();if(t){if(e<t.domInteractive)return"loading";if(0===t.domContentLoadedEventStart||e<t.domContentLoadedEventStart)return"dom-interactive";if(0===t.domComplete||e<t.domComplete)return"dom-content-loaded"}return"complete"},a=function(e){var t=e.nodeName;return 1===e.nodeType?t.toLowerCase():t.toUpperCase().replace(/^#/,"")},c=function(e,t){var n="";try{for(;e&&9!==e.nodeType;){var r=e,i=r.id?"#"+r.id:a(r)+(r.classList&&r.classList.value&&r.classList.value.trim()&&r.classList.value.trim().length?"."+r.classList.value.trim().replace(/\s+/g,"."):"");if(n.length+i.length>(t||100)-1)return n||i;if(n=n?i+">"+n:i,r.id)break;e=r.parentNode}}catch(e){}return n},u=-1,d=function(){return u},s=function(e){addEventListener("pageshow",(function(t){t.persisted&&(u=t.timeStamp,e(t))}),!0)},f=function(){var e=i();return e&&e.activationStart||0},l=function(e,t){var n=i(),r="navigate";return d()>=0?r="back-forward-cache":n&&(document.prerendering||f()>0?r="prerender":document.wasDiscarded?r="restore":n.type&&(r=n.type.replace(/_/g,"-"))),{name:e,value:void 0===t?-1:t,rating:"good",delta:0,entries:[],id:"v3-".concat(Date.now(),"-").concat(Math.floor(8999999999999*Math.random())+1e12),navigationType:r}},p=function(e,t,n){try{if(PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes.includes(e)){var r=new PerformanceObserver((function(e){Promise.resolve().then((function(){t(e.getEntries())}))}));return r.observe(Object.assign({type:e,buffered:!0},n||{})),r}}catch(e){}},v=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o;return function(a){t.value>=0&&(a||r)&&((o=t.value-(i||0))||void 0===i)&&(i=t.value,t.delta=o,t.rating=function(e,t){return e>t[1]?"poor":e>t[0]?"needs-improvement":"good"}(t.value,n),e(t))}},m=function(e){var t=function(t){"pagehide"!==t.type&&"hidden"!==document.visibilityState||e(t)};addEventListener("visibilitychange",t,!0),addEventListener("pagehide",t,!0)},g=function(e){document.prerendering?addEventListener("prerenderingchange",(function(){return e()}),!0):e()},y=(new Date,0),_=1/0,h=0,b=function(e){e.forEach((function(e){e.interactionId&&(_=Math.min(_,e.interactionId),h=Math.max(h,e.interactionId),y=h?(h-_)/7+1:0)}))},T=function(){return r?y:performance.interactionCount||0},E=function(){"interactionCount"in performance||r||(r=p("event",b,{type:"event",buffered:!0,durationThreshold:0}))},S=[200,500],L=0,C=function(){return T()-L},I=[],P={},w=function(e){var t=I[I.length-1],n=P[e.interactionId];if(n||I.length<10||e.duration>t.latency){if(n)n.entries.push(e),n.latency=Math.max(n.latency,e.duration);else{var r={id:e.interactionId,latency:e.duration,entries:[e]};P[r.id]=r,I.push(r)}I.sort((function(e,t){return t.latency-e.latency})),I.splice(10).forEach((function(e){delete P[e.id]}))}};try{!function(e,t){!function(e,t){t=t||{},g((function(){var n;E();var r,i=l("INP"),o=function(e){e.forEach((function(e){e.interactionId&&w(e),"first-input"===e.entryType&&!I.some((function(t){return t.entries.some((function(t){return e.duration===t.duration&&e.startTime===t.startTime}))}))&&w(e)}));var t,n=(t=Math.min(I.length-1,Math.floor(C()/50)),I[t]);n&&n.latency!==i.value&&(i.value=n.latency,i.entries=n.entries,r())},a=p("event",o,{durationThreshold:null!==(n=t.durationThreshold)&&void 0!==n?n:40});r=v(e,i,S,t.reportAllChanges),a&&("interactionId"in PerformanceEventTiming.prototype&&a.observe({type:"first-input",buffered:!0}),m((function(){o(a.takeRecords()),i.value<0&&C()>0&&(i.value=0,i.entries=[]),r(!0)})),s((function(){I=[],L=T(),i=l("INP"),r=v(e,i,S,t.reportAllChanges)})))}))}((function(t){!function(e){if(e.entries.length){var t=e.entries.sort((function(e,t){return t.duration-e.duration||t.processingEnd-t.processingStart-(e.processingEnd-e.processingStart)}))[0];e.attribution={eventTarget:c(t.target),eventType:t.name,eventTime:t.startTime,eventEntry:t,loadState:o(t.startTime)}}else e.attribution={}}(t),e(t)}),t)}((function({name:e,value:t,id:n,attribution:r}){const{eventEntry:i,eventTarget:o,eventType:a,loadState:c}=r,{startTime:u,processingStart:d,processingEnd:s,duration:f,interactionId:l}=i,p={metric_inp_value:t,metric_id:n,metric_inp_event_target:o,metric_inp_event_type:a,metric_inp_load_state:c,metric_inp_start_time:u,metric_inp_processing_start:d,metric_inp_processing_end:s,metric_inp_duration:f,metric_inp_interaction_id:l};dataLayer.push({event:"raw-event",eventCategory:"CWV:INP",eventAction:p.metric_inp_event_type,eventLabel:p.metric_inp_event_target,eventValue:p.metric_inp_value})}))}catch(e){}}]);
	</script>	
	<script>var userData = {
		country      : 'ES'.toUpperCase(),
		checkConsent : true,
		userInEU     : true,
		consentGranted : false,
		doNotSell      : false,
		showConsentLink : false,
		adsActive : true
	};					

var adUnit = '';

						adUnit += "hsw_lite";
											adUnit += "|culture";
								adUnit += "|people";
								adUnit += "|government";
								
if (!HSW.utilities.isMobile()) {adUnit = adUnit.replace("hsw_lite", "hsw");
}
var pvId      = HSW.utilities.generateGuid();
var sessionId = getCookie('hsw_sid');
if (sessionId === false) {
	sessionId = pvId;
	var e = 6.307e+10;
	setCookie('hsw_sid', sessionId, e);
}const searchTagCookie = getCookie('searchTag');
const searchTagQS = HSW.utilities.getQueryVar('srch_tag');
const searchTag = searchTagQS || searchTagCookie || '';

var pageMetricsData = {
	guid        : pvId,
	sessionId   : sessionId,
	href        : "https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm",
	title       : "What\u0020Are\u0020the\u0020Three\u0020Branches\u0020of\u0020U.S.\u0020Government\u0020and\u0020How\u0020Do\u0020They\u0020Work\u0020Together\u003F",
	tax         : "hsw/culture/people/government/political issues",
	aType       : "editorial content",
	cType       : "Article-continuous",
	continuousUX: true,
	template    : "Article",
	country     : "ES",
	sponsor     : "",
	source      : "hsw",
	author      : "patrick kiger",
	show        : "",
	pubDate     : "2020-07-27",
	editDate    : "2021-03-31",
	targetKeywords : "true",
	newsAdjacent   : "false",
	nsfw        : "false",
	locale      : "en-us",
	contentid   : "945307",
	model       : "article",
	view        : "article/article.html",
	video       : "",
	totalPages  : 5,
	page        : 1,
	codebase    : 'hsw-lite',
	searchTag   : searchTag,
	abs         : (getCookie('hsw_abs') ? getCookie('hsw_abs') : '' ),
	viewport    : HSW.utilities.getViewportWidth(),
	mkcpgn      : 'organic',
	utmSource   : '',
	adUnit      : (adUnit ? adUnit : 'n/a'),
	keywords    : "",
	domain      : 'howstuffworks',
	subdomain   : "people",firePixels  : (!userData.doNotSell && userData.consentGranted),
	docker      : 'true',
	image       : 'https://cdn.hswstatic.com/gif/three-branches.jpg',
	cost        : '0',
	origin      : 'Target Keyword',
	channel     : "Culture",
	category    : "People",
	node        : "Political\u0020Issues",
	affinities   : "FAQ2, Target-Keyword",
};

var GACtest = getCookie('hsw_abs') || '';

HSW.analytics={attributeTraffic:async function(){return await HSW.analytics.getQueryStringKeyValues()},getQueryStringKeyValues:function(){let e={utmSource:{qs:"utm_source",persist:"hswtrkr"},searchTag:{qs:"srch_tag",persist:"searchTag"},mkcpgn:{qs:"mkcpgn",persist:"mkcpgn"},account_id:{qs:"utm_acid",persist:"_hsw_aid"},campaign_id:{qs:["utm_caid","campaign_id"],persist:"_hsw_cid"},utm_campaign:{qs:"utm_campaign",persist:"_hsw_c"},asid:{qs:["utm_agid","asid"],persist:"_hsw_agid"},adgroup:{qs:["adgroup","utm_content"],persist:"_hsw_ag"},placement:{qs:["utm_traffictype","placement"],persist:"_hsw_pl"},gclid:{qs:"gclid",persist:"_hsw_gclid"},gclidtimestamp:{qs:function(){let e=new Date;return e.setSeconds(e.getSeconds()+30),e.getUTCFullYear()+"-"+("0"+(e.getUTCMonth()+1)).slice(-2)+"-"+("0"+e.getUTCDate()).slice(-2)+" "+("0"+e.getUTCHours()).slice(-2)+":"+("0"+e.getUTCMinutes()).slice(-2)+":"+("0"+e.getUTCSeconds()).slice(-2)},persist:"_hsw_ts"}};var t={};return Object.entries(e).forEach(function(e){const[s,i]=e,{qs:a,persist:r}=i;if("function"==typeof a){let e=getCookie(r);return e||(e=a()),setCookie(r,e,18e5),void(t[s]=e)}if(a instanceof Array)for(var c="",n=0;n<a.length&&!(c=HSW.utilities.getQueryVar(a[n]));n++);else c=HSW.utilities.getQueryVar(a);let g=getCookie(r),u=g||c;u&&(g||setCookie(r,c.replace(/[^\w\-\.\+]/gi,""),18e5),t[s]=u)}),t}};
HSW.pq.add(function() {
	window.trafficAttributed = HSW.analytics.attributeTraffic();

	window.trafficAttributed.then(function (keyValues) {
		Object.entries(keyValues).forEach(function ([k, v]) {
			pageMetricsData[k] = v;
		});
	});
});




if (typeof HSW.utilities.hashArgs['ab'] !== 'undefined') {
	GACtest = HSW.utilities.hashArgs['ab'];
}
let testingEnabled = true;
if (typeof HSW.utilities.hashArgs['testing'] !== 'undefined') {
	testingEnabled = false;
}
	
	if (testingEnabled && HSW.site === 'HSW' && (GACtest === '' || !['EXPO1922_CONTROL','EXPO1922_ABOVE_TITLE', 'EXPO1922_BELOW_IMAGE'].contains(GACtest))) {
		GACtest = 'EXPO1922_CONTROL';
		HSW.ab.easyab({'slot': 1,'name': 'GACtest','alternatives': [
			{'alternative':function() { GACtest = 'EXPO1922_ABOVE_TITLE'; } },
			{'alternative':function() { GACtest = 'EXPO1922_BELOW_IMAGE'; } }
		] });
	}
	HSW.ab.tracksession();
	document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
		const isMobile = HSW.utilities.isMobile();
		if (GACtest === 'EXPO1922_CONTROL') {
			let rsocClasses = ['.rsoc-after-lead', '.rsoc-above-title'];
			// Delete all RSOC slots
			Object.keys(rsocClasses).forEach(function(rsocClass) {
				let rsocSlot = document.querySelector(rsocClasses[rsocClass]);
				if (rsocSlot) {
					rsocSlot.remove();
				}
			});
			return;
		}
		let rsocClass = GACtest === 'EXPO1922_ABOVE_TITLE' ? '.rsoc-after-lead' : '.rsoc-above-title';
		for (const el of document.querySelectorAll(rsocClass)) {
			el.remove();
		}

		// Remove primary slot if it's disqualified (desktop rendering inset lead image)
		if (GACtest === 'EXPO1922_BELOW_IMAGE') {
			let primarySlotHero = document.querySelector('.primary-slot.hero.rsoc-after-lead');
			let primarySlotInset = document.querySelector('.primary-slot.inset.rsoc-after-lead');
			let secondarySlot = document.querySelector('.secondary-slot.rsoc-after-lead');
			if (isMobile) {
				if ((primarySlotHero || primarySlotInset) && secondarySlot) {
					secondarySlot.remove();
				}
			}
			else {
				if (primarySlotInset && secondarySlot) {
					primarySlotInset.remove();
				}
				if (primarySlotHero && secondarySlot) {
					secondarySlot.remove();
				}
			}
		}
	});
	








var _0x1bcc=['mobile','traffic_score','platformVersion','env','model','bds:\x20connection\x20error','error','hsw','utilities','getHighEntropyValues','response','then','&platform=','bdsUrl','function','&domain=','send','onload','?product_line=','href','architecture','GET','status','&session_id=','isMobile','country','BotDetectionResult','userAgentData','template','adsActive','userInEU','onerror','hashArgs','parse','_ga','location','open','object','DPL','bds','bds:\x20','dispatchEvent','&cookie=','add','bdsProduct','BDS_DONE'];(function(_0xa5434,_0x1bcc7b){var _0x8d4757=function(_0x504abc){while(--_0x504abc){_0xa5434['push'](_0xa5434['shift']());}};_0x8d4757(++_0x1bcc7b);}(_0x1bcc,0x66));var _0x8d47=function(_0xa5434,_0x1bcc7b){_0xa5434=_0xa5434-0x0;var _0x8d4757=_0x1bcc[_0xa5434];return _0x8d4757;};function userAgent(){return navigator['userAgentData']['getHighEntropyValues']([_0x8d47('0xa'),'model','platformVersion','fullVersionList'])[_0x8d47('0x1')](function(_0x1e1832){return{'platform':_0x1e1832['platform'],'platformVersion':_0x1e1832[_0x8d47('0x26')],'model':_0x1e1832[_0x8d47('0x28')],'mobile':_0x1e1832['mobile'],'fullVersionList':_0x1e1832['fullVersionList']};},function(_0x35c0e2){return{};});}(async function(){let _0x3a7c00={};if(typeof navigator[_0x8d47('0x11')]===_0x8d47('0x1b')){if(typeof navigator['userAgentData'][_0x8d47('0x2d')]===_0x8d47('0x4')){_0x3a7c00=await userAgent();}}const _0x52f4d5=()=>{if(HSW[_0x8d47('0x2c')][_0x8d47('0x16')][_0x8d47('0x1d')]=='off'||!userData[_0x8d47('0x13')]||HSW['site']=='MQ'){return;}let _0x615ae9=HSW[_0x8d47('0x2c')][_0x8d47('0xe')]()?_0x8d47('0x24'):'desktop',_0x371c8d=pageMetricsData,_0x2802c2=getCookie(_0x8d47('0x18'));let _0x47793e=_0x371c8d['sessionId'],_0x3265ef={'template':_0x371c8d[_0x8d47('0x12')],'uach':_0x3a7c00};let _0x51af06=HSW[_0x8d47('0x3')]+_0x8d47('0x8')+HSW[_0x8d47('0x22')]+(!isNaN(parseFloat(_0x47793e))&&isFinite(_0x47793e)?_0x8d47('0xd')+_0x47793e:'')+_0x8d47('0x5')+encodeURIComponent(window[_0x8d47('0x19')][_0x8d47('0x9')])+_0x8d47('0x2')+_0x615ae9+'&extra_args='+JSON['stringify'](_0x3265ef)+(_0x2802c2?_0x8d47('0x20')+_0x2802c2:'');try{var _0x2014d1=new XMLHttpRequest();_0x2014d1[_0x8d47('0x1a')](_0x8d47('0xb'),_0x51af06,!![]);_0x2014d1[_0x8d47('0x7')]=function(){if(this[_0x8d47('0xc')]>=0xc8&&this[_0x8d47('0xc')]<0x190){var _0x18ccb2=JSON[_0x8d47('0x17')](this[_0x8d47('0x0')]);window['s1'][_0x8d47('0x1c')]['log']({'event':_0x8d47('0x10'),'product':_0x8d47('0x2b'),'payload':{'environment':HSW[_0x8d47('0x27')],'score':_0x18ccb2[_0x8d47('0x25')],'vertical':_0x371c8d['subdomain'],'template':_0x371c8d[_0x8d47('0x12')],'country':userData[_0x8d47('0xf')],'userInEU':userData[_0x8d47('0x14')]}});window['bdsData']=_0x18ccb2;var _0x2d035a=new CustomEvent('BDS_DONE',{'detail':_0x18ccb2});}else{var _0x2d035a=new CustomEvent(_0x8d47('0x23'));}document['dispatchEvent'](_0x2d035a);};_0x2014d1[_0x8d47('0x15')]=function(){console[_0x8d47('0x2a')](_0x8d47('0x29'));var _0x31fe4a=new CustomEvent(_0x8d47('0x23'));document[_0x8d47('0x1f')](_0x31fe4a);};_0x2014d1[_0x8d47('0x6')]();}catch(_0xd3bc62){console[_0x8d47('0x2a')](_0x8d47('0x1e')+_0xd3bc62);var _0x214cb5=new CustomEvent(_0x8d47('0x23'));document[_0x8d47('0x1f')](_0x214cb5);}};HSW['pq'][_0x8d47('0x21')](_0x52f4d5);}());
			adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[];var dataLayer=dataLayer||[];function loadHswCmp(){function e(e){const t=HSW.oneTrustSiteID+("prod"!==HSW.env?"-test":""),o=document.createElement("script");o.type="text/javascript",o.src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js",o.dataset.domainScript=t,e&&(o.dataset.async=e);const n=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];n.parentNode.insertBefore(o,n)}if(userData.userInEU||"BR"===userData.country){const t="BR"===userData.country?"BR":"EU";document.cookie.indexOf("gdpr_opt_in=1")>=0?(HSW.cmp.log(t+" user that has already provided consent."),userData.consentGranted=!0,e(!0),HSW.pq.release()):document.cookie.indexOf("gdpr_opt_in=0")>=0?(HSW.cmp.log(t+" user has not consented previously."),e(),HSW.pq.release("ads")):(HSW.cmp.log("New "+t+" user. Pull down CMP and init it."),e()),userData.showConsentLink=!0}else{["IN","PH","NG","PK","ID","GH","BD","TR","LK","RU","VN","EG","JM","CN","TT","IR"].contains(userData.country)&&(userData.adsActive=!1);const t="US"===userData.country?getCookie("usprivacy"):"",o=getCookie("OneTrustWPCCPAGoogleOptOut"),n=navigator.globalPrivacyControl;document.cookie.indexOf("gdpr_opt_in=0")>=0||"1YY-"===t||"1YYN"===t||"true"===o||n?(HSW.cmp.log("Detected opt-out user with consent withdrawn"),HSW.pq.release("ads")):(HSW.cmp.log("Opt-out user that has granted consent"),"undefined"!=typeof pageMetricsData&&(pageMetricsData.firePixels=!0),dataLayer.push({event:"fire-pixels"}),userData.consentGranted=!0,HSW.pq.release()),userData.showConsentLink=!0,e(!0),"US"===userData.country&&function(){const e=document.createElement("script");e.type="text/javascript",e.src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/opt-out/otCCPAiab.js",e.setAttribute("ccpa-opt-out-ids","C0004"),e.setAttribute("ccpa-opt-out-geo","All"),e.setAttribute("ccpa-opt-out-lspa","false");const t=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];t.parentNode.insertBefore(e,t)}()}}(userData.userInEU||"US"===userData.country||""===userData.country)&&(adsbygoogle.pauseAdRequests=1),HSW.cmp={clearTrackingData:function(){const e=["gdpr_opt_in","usprivacy","hsw_abs","_easyab_seed","euconsent-v2","eupubconsent-v2","OptanonAlertBoxClosed","OptanonConsent","OneTrustWPCCPAGoogleOptOut"],t=[window.location.hostname,HSW.domain+".com"],o=/([a-z0-9]+\.[a-z0-9]+)$/.exec(location.hostname);t.push(o[0]);const n=e=>{HSW.cmp.log("deleteCookie = ",e);for(const o in t)"function"!=typeof t[o]&&(setCookie(e,"",-1e5,t[o]),setCookie(e,"",-1e5,t[o],"Lax"))};(()=>{const o=(()=>{const e={},t=document.cookie.split(";");for(let o=0;o<t.length;o++){const n=t[o].split("=");e[n[0].trim()]=n[1]}return e})();HSW.cmp.log("processCookies"),HSW.cmp.log("cookie domains = ",t);for(const t in o)e.includes(t)||n(t)})(),(()=>{const t=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Document.prototype,"cookie")||Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(HTMLDocument.prototype,"cookie");t&&t.configurable&&Object.defineProperty(document,"cookie",{get:function(){return t.get.call(window.document)},set:function(o){var n=o.split("=")[0];return e.includes(n)?(HSW.cmp.log("SET_COOKIE_ALLOWED:"+o),t.set.call(window.document,o)):HSW.cmp.log("SET_COOKIE_NOT_ALLOWED:"+o),!0}})})(),window.localStorage.clear();try{document.querySelector(".hsw-page").classList.remove("leaderboard-sticky")}catch(e){}},log:function(e,t){window.location.search.indexOf("cmp_debug=true")<0||(void 0!==t?console.log("CMP: "+e,t):console.log("CMP: "+e))}},window.OptanonWrapper=(()=>{window.OneTrust.OnConsentChanged(()=>{HSW.cmp.log("window.OnetrustActiveGroups = ",window.OnetrustActiveGroups),window.OnetrustActiveGroups.includes("C0001")&&window.OnetrustActiveGroups.includes("C0002")&&window.OnetrustActiveGroups.includes("C0003")&&window.OnetrustActiveGroups.includes("C0004")?(setCookie("gdpr_opt_in","1"),dataLayer.push({event:"fire-pixels"}),userData.consentGranted=!0,HSW.pq.release()):(setCookie("gdpr_opt_in","0"),HSW.pq.release("ads"))})}),function(){if(2===userData.country.length)return void loadHswCmp();HSW.cmp.log("User Country not present. Using GEOIP endpoint.");const e="prod"==HSW.env?"/geoip":"https://www.howstuffworks.com/geoip";try{const t=performance.now();fetch(e).then(e=>e.json()).then(e=>{const o=performance.now();if(dataLayer.push({event:"raw-event",eventCategory:"performance",eventAction:"geoip",eventValue:Math.floor(o-t)}),"string"==typeof e.country&&2==e.country.length){userData.country=e.country.toUpperCase(),-1!=["AT","BE","BG","HR","CY","CZ","DK","EE","FI","FR","DE","GR","HU","IE","IT","LV","LT","LU","MT","NL","PL","PT","RO","SK","SI","ES","SE","GB"].indexOf(userData.country)&&(HSW.cmp.log("GEOIP User (treated as) in EU."),userData.checkConsent=!0,userData.userInEU=!0)}else HSW.cmp.log("GEOIP data = ",e),HSW.cmp.log("GEOIP returned invalid Country data. default to US."),userData.country="US";loadHswCmp()})}catch(e){userData.country="US",loadHswCmp()}}();
	</script>

	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1">

	<meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en-us">

					<link rel="canonical" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm">
	<meta name="twitter:dnt" content="on"><meta name="google-adsense-account" content="sites-9053884276298326">		<meta property="og:title" content="What Are the Three Branches of U.S. Government and How Do They Work Together?">
		<meta property="og:url" content="https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm">
		<meta property="og:site_name" content="HowStuffWorks">
		<meta property="og:description" content="America's founders devised a structure in which the three branches of government would co-exist in a system of checks and balances designed to prevent each branch from gaining too much power. But does it still work?">
		<meta property="fb:admins" content="100001675325868"> 		<meta property="fb:app_id" content="899104866837181"> 		<meta property="fb:pages" content="20767777944">											<meta property="og:image" content="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6IjEyMDAifX19">
				<meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large">
					
			<meta property="og:type" content="article">
			<meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.howstuffworks.com">
			<meta property="article:published_time" content="2020-07-27T14:01:00-04:00">
		
				<meta property="article:author" content="https://www.howstuffworks.com/about-patrick-j-kiger.htm">
	
						<meta name="can-recommend" content="true">																																		
			<meta name="category" contents="Culture/People/Government/Political Issues">
		
																																		<script>var rampKeywords = "Culture, People, Government, Political Issues";</script>
	
	
				<script type="application/ld+json">
		{
			"@context": "https://schema.org",
			"@id": "https://www.howstuffworks.com/#organization",
			"@type": "Organization",
			"name": "HowStuffWorks",
			"url": "https://www.howstuffworks.com/",
			"logo": "https://cdn.hswstatic.com/gif/hsw-logo-120x90.jpg",
			"address" : {
				"@type" : "PostalAddress",
				"addressCountry" : "United States",
				"addressLocality" : "Marina Del Rey",
				"addressRegion" : "CA",
				"postalCode" : "90066",
				"streetAddress" : "4235 Redwood Ave."
			},
			"email" : "mailto:[email protected]",
			"sameAs": [
				"https://www.youtube.com/user/HowStuffWorks",
				"https://www.instagram.com/howstuffworks/",
				"https://www.facebook.com/HowStuffWorks",
				"https://pinterest.com/howstuffworks/",
				"https://tumblr.com/blog/howstuffworks",
				"https://www.linkedin.com/company/15689/",
				"https://flipboard.com/@HowStuffWorks"
			]
		}
		</script>
		<script type="application/ld+json">
		{
			"@context": "https://schema.org",
			"@id": "https://www.howstuffworks.com/#website",
			"@type": "WebSite",
			"name": "HowStuffWorks",
			"url": "https://www.howstuffworks.com/",
			"potentialAction": {
				"@type": "SearchAction",
				"target" : "https://s.howstuffworks.com/serp?q={search_term}",
				"query-input" : "required name=search_term"
			}
		}
		</script>
																
								
			<script type="application/ld+json">
	{
		"@context": "https://schema.org",
		"@type": "Article",
		"headline": "What Are the Three Branches of U.S. Government and How Do They Work Together?",
		"image": "https://cdn.hswstatic.com/gif/three-branches.jpg",
		"datePublished": "2021-03-31T11:36:53-04:00",
		"dateModified" : "2021-03-31T11:36:53-04:00",
		"description": "America&#039;s founders devised a structure in which the three branches of government would co-exist in a system of checks and balances designed to prevent each branch from gaining too much power. But does it still work?",
		"author" : 		{
			"@type" : "Person",
			"name" : "Patrick J. Kiger",
			"url" : "https://www.howstuffworks.com/about-patrick-j-kiger.htm"		},
		"publisher" : {
			"@type" : "Organization",
			"name" : "HowStuffWorks",
			"logo" : {
				"@type" : "ImageObject",
				"url" : "https://cdn.hswstatic.com/gif/hsw-logo-120x90.jpg",
				"width" : "120",
				"height" : "90"
			}
		},
		"mainEntityOfPage" : "https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm",
		"Speakable" : {
			"@type" : "SpeakableSpecification",
			"cssSelector" : [".se > p, h2.se, .se > h3, .se > ul, .se > ol, .se > .blockquote"]
		}
	}
	</script>
	
		<meta name="description" content="America's founders devised a structure in which the three branches of government would co-exist in a system of checks and balances.">
					
	<script>
	
	var googletag = googletag || {};
	googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];

	let prebidBuild = 'latest';
	let prebidSpace = 'builds';
	let prebidUrl = `https://d2t953dxm5i0o5.cloudfront.net/superstack/${prebidSpace}/${prebidBuild}/howstuffworks.com/`;

	prebidUrl += HSW.utilities.isMobile() ? 'hybrid_mobile/ads.min.js' : 'hybrid/ads.min.js';HSW.pq.add(() => {
		if (userData.adsActive) {
			let scannerUrl = 'https://cdn.confiant-integrations.net/pHPvSpQO-XGQYVzc6Cn_XOsV4Tc/gpt_and_prebid/config.js';
			HSW.utilities.loadScript(scannerUrl, false, () => {
				HSW.utilities.loadScript('https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js');
				window.prebidPromise = HSW.utilities.loadScriptAsync(prebidUrl);
				window.apsPromise = HSW.utilities.loadScriptAsync('https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js');
			});
		}
		else {
			dataLayer.push({
				'event' : 'raw-event',
				'eventCategory' : 'ad-request',
				'eventAction' : 'disabled',
				'eventLabel' : userData.country
			});
		}
	}, 'ads');
			
function deferLoadGTM () {
	if (HSW.utilities.hashArgs['gtm'] === 'off') {
		return;
	}
	try {
		window.s1.DPL.init({
			session: {
				business : 'publishing:hsw'
			},
			ga: {
				gaMeasurementId: 'UA-42379829-2',
				gtmId: 'GTM-NXHP8V',
				isEnabled: true,
				onPrimaryClientIdReady: (clientId) => {
					console.log(`Synced clientId(${clientId}) and loaded gtmjs using DPL.init`);
				}
			},
			taps: {
				isEnabled: false
			}
		});
	} catch (e) { console.error('### DPL.loadGa failed with error: ', e); }
}
HSW.pq.add(() => {
	const dplVer = '4.7.3';
	HSW.utilities.loadScript('https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/dpl/' + dplVer + '/dpl-hsw.js', true, deferLoadGTM);
});

	

						

var dfpSettings = {};

dfpSettings.networkCode = 108939068;
dfpSettings.pid      = "945307-0";
dfpSettings.hswpid   = "945307";
dfpSettings.type     = pageMetricsData.cType;
dfpSettings.kw       = "";
dfpSettings.slotPath = "/108939068/hswcore_lite/";
dfpSettings.iabCategories = '';
dfpSettings.iabCodes = '';

dfpSettings.slotPath += "culture";
								dfpSettings.iabCategories = "Education";
		dfpSettings.iabCodes = "132";
			dfpSettings.s1             = "culture";
				dfpSettings.iabCategories = "National &amp; Civic Holidays";
		dfpSettings.iabCodes = "157";
			dfpSettings.s2             = "people";
				dfpSettings.iabCategories = "Education";
		dfpSettings.iabCodes = "132";
			dfpSettings.s3             = "government";
				dfpSettings.iabCategories = "Government Business";
		dfpSettings.iabCodes = "77";
			dfpSettings.s4             = "politicalissues";
				dfpSettings.iabCategories = "Politics";
		dfpSettings.iabCodes = "386";
	
dfpSettings.isMobile = HSW.utilities.isMobile();
dfpSettings.isOrganic = true;dfpSettings.allow_adx = 'true';	if (!dfpSettings.isMobile) {
		dfpSettings.slotPath = dfpSettings.slotPath.replace("hswcore_lite", "hswcore");
	}


			

	// did user come from a newsletter link
	var nlSource = HSW.utilities.getQueryVar('utm_source') || '';
	var nlTrkr = getCookie('hswtrkr') || '';
	var fromNl = (nlSource.includes('Newsletter') || nlTrkr.includes('Newsletter'));

	</script>

		<link rel="preload" href="https://s.flocdn.com/@s1/ads-coordinator/8.6.4/index.js" as="script">
	
	<style>
	/*! tailwindcss v3.3.3 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com*/*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid}:after,:before{--tw-content:""}html{line-height:1.5;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji;font-feature-settings:normal;font-variation-settings:normal}body{margin:0;line-height:inherit}hr{height:0;color:inherit;border-top-width:1px}abbr:where([title]){-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,Liberation Mono,Courier New,monospace;font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}table{text-indent:0;border-color:inherit;border-collapse:collapse}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;font-size:100%;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;color:inherit;margin:0;padding:0}button,select{text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button;background-color:transparent;background-image:none}:-moz-focusring{outline:auto}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}progress{vertical-align:baseline}::-webkit-inner-spin-button,::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}summary{display:list-item}blockquote,dd,dl,figure,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,hr,p,pre{margin:0}fieldset{margin:0}fieldset,legend{padding:0}menu,ol,ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}dialog{padding:0}textarea{resize:vertical}input::-moz-placeholder, textarea::-moz-placeholder{opacity:1;color:#9ca3af}input::placeholder,textarea::placeholder{opacity:1;color:#9ca3af}[role=button],button{cursor:pointer}:disabled{cursor:default}audio,canvas,embed,iframe,img,object,svg,video{display:block;vertical-align:middle}img,video{max-width:100%;height:auto}[hidden]{display:none}*,:after,:before{--tw-border-spacing-x:0;--tw-border-spacing-y:0;--tw-translate-x:0;--tw-translate-y:0;--tw-rotate:0;--tw-skew-x:0;--tw-skew-y:0;--tw-scale-x:1;--tw-scale-y:1;--tw-pan-x: ;--tw-pan-y: ;--tw-pinch-zoom: ;--tw-scroll-snap-strictness:proximity;--tw-gradient-from-position: ;--tw-gradient-via-position: ;--tw-gradient-to-position: ;--tw-ordinal: ;--tw-slashed-zero: ;--tw-numeric-figure: ;--tw-numeric-spacing: ;--tw-numeric-fraction: ;--tw-ring-inset: ;--tw-ring-offset-width:0px;--tw-ring-offset-color:#fff;--tw-ring-color:rgba(59,130,246,0.5);--tw-ring-offset-shadow:0 0 transparent;--tw-ring-shadow:0 0 transparent;--tw-shadow:0 0 transparent;--tw-shadow-colored:0 0 transparent;--tw-blur: ;--tw-brightness: ;--tw-contrast: ;--tw-grayscale: ;--tw-hue-rotate: ;--tw-invert: ;--tw-saturate: ;--tw-sepia: ;--tw-drop-shadow: ;--tw-backdrop-blur: ;--tw-backdrop-brightness: ;--tw-backdrop-contrast: ;--tw-backdrop-grayscale: ;--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ;--tw-backdrop-invert: ;--tw-backdrop-opacity: ;--tw-backdrop-saturate: ;--tw-backdrop-sepia: }::backdrop{--tw-border-spacing-x:0;--tw-border-spacing-y:0;--tw-translate-x:0;--tw-translate-y:0;--tw-rotate:0;--tw-skew-x:0;--tw-skew-y:0;--tw-scale-x:1;--tw-scale-y:1;--tw-pan-x: ;--tw-pan-y: ;--tw-pinch-zoom: ;--tw-scroll-snap-strictness:proximity;--tw-gradient-from-position: ;--tw-gradient-via-position: ;--tw-gradient-to-position: ;--tw-ordinal: ;--tw-slashed-zero: ;--tw-numeric-figure: ;--tw-numeric-spacing: ;--tw-numeric-fraction: ;--tw-ring-inset: ;--tw-ring-offset-width:0px;--tw-ring-offset-color:#fff;--tw-ring-color:rgba(59,130,246,0.5);--tw-ring-offset-shadow:0 0 transparent;--tw-ring-shadow:0 0 transparent;--tw-shadow:0 0 transparent;--tw-shadow-colored:0 0 transparent;--tw-blur: ;--tw-brightness: ;--tw-contrast: ;--tw-grayscale: ;--tw-hue-rotate: ;--tw-invert: ;--tw-saturate: ;--tw-sepia: ;--tw-drop-shadow: ;--tw-backdrop-blur: ;--tw-backdrop-brightness: ;--tw-backdrop-contrast: ;--tw-backdrop-grayscale: ;--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ;--tw-backdrop-invert: ;--tw-backdrop-opacity: ;--tw-backdrop-saturate: ;--tw-backdrop-sepia: }@font-face{font-family:Roboto;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:optional;src:local("Roboto"),local("Roboto-Regular"),url(https://cdn.hswstatic.com/fonts/roboto-v20-latin-regular.woff2) format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:Roboto;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:optional;src:local("Roboto Bold"),local("Roboto-Bold"),url(https://cdn.hswstatic.com/fonts/roboto-v20-latin-700.woff2) format("woff2")}body{font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;font-weight:400;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}@media print{body{font-family:sans-serif}}.container{width:100%}@media (min-width:640px){.container{max-width:640px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:768px}}@media (min-width:1024px){.container{max-width:1024px}}@media (min-width:1280px){.container{max-width:1280px}}@media (min-width:1536px){.container{max-width:1536px}}@media (min-width:1600px){.container{max-width:1600px}}.aspect-h-9{--tw-aspect-h:9}.aspect-w-16{position:relative;padding-bottom:calc(var(--tw-aspect-h)/var(--tw-aspect-w)*100%);--tw-aspect-w:16}.aspect-w-16>*{position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}.theme-hsw{--color-primary:#1573a6;--color-accent-1:#168381;--color-accent-2:#2b2b5c;--color-accent-3:#ede8de;--color-accent-4:#151538;--color-accent-5:#776541;--color-grad-1:#2b2b5c;--color-grad-2:#1b6193;--color-grad-3:#1573a6;--color-grad-4:#1ea2a0;--color-grad-5:#1ea2a0;--color-quiz-error:#cb2020;--color-quiz-success:#067a3c}.theme-zoo{--color-primary:#2a9ffb;--color-accent-1:#196cab;--color-accent-2:#333;--color-accent-3:#ededed;--color-accent-4:#7120a5;--color-accent-5:#ccc;--color-grad-1:#ca0cb2;--color-grad-2:#cd15b4;--color-grad-3:#7120a5;--color-grad-4:#7e12e3;--color-grad-5:#2a9ffb;--color-quiz-error:#cb2020;--color-quiz-success:#288341}.theme-mq{--color-primary:#2b8444;--color-accent-1:#37a857;--color-accent-2:#2b8444;--color-accent-3:#ededed;--color-accent-4:#333;--color-accent-5:#ccc;--color-grad-1:#000;--color-grad-2:#333;--color-grad-3:#2b8444;--color-grad-4:#37a857;--color-grad-5:#91dea7;--color-quiz-error:#cb2020;--color-quiz-success:#067a3c}p{margin-bottom:1rem}a{color:var(--color-accent-1);transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,text-decoration-color,fill,stroke;transition-duration:.25s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1)}a:hover{color:var(--color-accent-2)}pre{white-space:pre-wrap}[x-cloak]{display:none!important}img[src=""]{visibility:hidden}nav.navbar a:before{display:block;content:attr(data-text);font-weight:700;height:0;overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden}nav.navbar a:after{margin-top:-1px}.btn{display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;background-color:var(--color-accent-1);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;transition-property:all;transition-duration:.25s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1)}.btn,.btn:focus,.btn:hover,a:focus .btn,a:hover .btn{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.btn:focus,.btn:hover,a:focus .btn,a:hover .btn{background-color:var(--color-primary)}.btn:disabled{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(119 119 119/var(--tw-bg-opacity));--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.animated-underline,.animated-underline-heavy{display:block;position:relative}.animated-underline-heavy.flex,.animated-underline.flex{display:flex}.animated-underline-heavy:after,.animated-underline:after{background-color:var(--color-accent-1);position:absolute;transition-property:all;transition-duration:.1s;transition-timing-function:ease-in-out;content:"";pointer-events:none;height:2px;width:0;left:50%;bottom:-10px}.animated-underline-heavy:after{height:4px;bottom:0;border-bottom:1px solid #333}.animated-underline-heavy:hover:after,.animated-underline:hover:after{width:100%;left:0}.card{position:relative;display:flex;min-height:20rem;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end;background-size:cover;background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;padding:1.5rem 1.5rem 2rem}.animated-underline-heavy.card,.animated-underline.card{display:flex}@media (min-width:1280px){.card{padding:2rem 2rem 2.5rem;min-height:23.6875rem}}.card:before{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;height:100%;width:100%;content:"";background:linear-gradient(58deg,rgba(4,4,4,.9),rgba(4,4,4,.46) 77%,rgba(4,4,4,.15));transition:opacity .25s ease-in-out}.card:focus:before,.card:hover:before{opacity:.8}.divider:after{flex:1 1 0%;--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(234 234 234/var(--tw-bg-opacity));content:"";height:1px}.breadcrumb-item:after{position:absolute;top:0;color:var(--color-primary);content:"/";right:-1.2rem}.breadcrumb-item:last-child:after{content:none}.dot:before{position:relative;margin-left:.25rem;margin-right:.25rem;content:"\2022";font-style:normal;bottom:.0625em;line-height:1em;font-size:1.125em;vertical-align:middle}#ad-wrap-bannerTop{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:970px}.ad-sticky,.leaderboard-sticky .leaderboard-banner{top:0;text-align:center;position:sticky;z-index:999}.leaderboard-sticky .col-rail .sticky{top:250px}.ad-tag:not(#ad-div-inline1sponsor,#ad-div-inline2sponsor){text-align:center;line-height:0}.ad-tag:not(#ad-div-inline1sponsor,#ad-div-inline2sponsor)>div,.ad-tag:not(#ad-div-inline1sponsor,#ad-div-inline2sponsor) iframe{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}#content-well .editorial-body{word-break:break-word}#content-well .editorial-body p:not(.ad-disclaimer){margin-bottom:1.5rem;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.75}#content-well .sidebar-section p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.editorial-body ul,ul.list{list-style-type:disc}.editorial-body ul,.page-body ol,ul.list{margin-bottom:1.5rem;list-style-position:inside;padding-inline-start:30px}.page-body ol{list-style-type:decimal}.editorial-body ul li,.page-body ol li{padding-bottom:.5rem;font-size:1.125rem}.ad-inline iframe{margin:0 auto}.sidebar-section{clear:both}.sidebar-section.loaded{background-image:url(https://cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/memphis-pattern-tan.png)}.instagram-post iframe{margin:0 auto}.theme-hsw .bg-tan a{color:#127271}@media print{#editorial-body p:not(.ad-disclaimer){line-height:1.375}.sidebar-section{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:75%}.sidebar-section li,.sidebar-section p{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(0 0 0/var(--tw-text-opacity))}}.imageBoxRight .credit{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(237 232 222/var(--tw-bg-opacity));padding:.5rem 1rem;font-size:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase}.theme-hsw .imageBoxRight .credit a{color:#127271}.imageBoxRight .credit{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}.imageBoxRight .caption{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(237 232 222/var(--tw-bg-opacity));padding:.5rem 1rem;font-size:.875rem}.theme-hsw .imageBoxRight .caption a{color:#127271}.imageBoxRight .caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}.imageBoxRight{margin-bottom:2rem;display:table;--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(237 232 222/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.theme-hsw .imageBoxRight a{color:#127271}.imageBoxRight br{display:none}@media (min-width:768px){.imageBoxRight{float:left;margin-right:1rem;margin-bottom:1rem}}.editorial-body table{font-size:.87em;width:100%;border:2px solid var(--color-accent-1)}.editorial-body td,.editorial-body th{padding:2px 5px;border:1px solid var(--color-grad-5)}.editorial-body td p{margin-bottom:3px}.sideBoxRight{margin-bottom:2rem}.sideBoxRight td{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(237 232 222/var(--tw-bg-opacity));padding:2rem}.theme-hsw .sideBoxRight td a{color:#127271}.sideBoxRight td{background-image:url(https://cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/memphis-pattern-tan.png)}.sideBoxRight .titleBlue{margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:2.25rem}.sideBoxRight .body{font-size:1.125rem}.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0}.pointer-events-none{pointer-events:none}.visible{visibility:visible}.invisible{visibility:hidden}.collapse{visibility:collapse}.static{position:static}.fixed{position:fixed}.absolute{position:absolute}.relative{position:relative}.sticky{position:sticky}.inset-0{inset:0}.inset-y-0{top:0;bottom:0}.-left-12{left:-3rem}.bottom-0{bottom:0}.left-0{left:0}.right-0{right:0}.right-5{right:1.25rem}.top-0{top:0}.top-1\/2{top:50%}.top-1\/4{top:25%}.top-14{top:3.5rem}.top-5{top:1.25rem}.top-56{top:56px}.top-99{top:99px}.top-n56{top:-56px}.z-10{z-index:10}.z-20{z-index:20}.order-1{order:1}.order-2{order:2}.clear-both{clear:both}.m-2{margin:.5rem}.m-4{margin:1rem}.mx-2{margin-left:.5rem;margin-right:.5rem}.mx-4{margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem}.mx-auto{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.my-2{margin-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:.5rem}.my-4{margin-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1rem}.my-5{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}.my-auto{margin-top:auto;margin-bottom:auto}.-ml-1{margin-left:-.25rem}.-ml-2{margin-left:-.5rem}.-mt-2{margin-top:-.5rem}.-mt-24{margin-top:-6rem}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0}.mb-1{margin-bottom:.25rem}.mb-10{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.mb-12{margin-bottom:3rem}.mb-2{margin-bottom:.5rem}.mb-3{margin-bottom:.75rem}.mb-4{margin-bottom:1rem}.mb-5{margin-bottom:1.25rem}.mb-6{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.mb-8{margin-bottom:2rem}.ml-1{margin-left:.25rem}.ml-12{margin-left:3rem}.ml-2{margin-left:.5rem}.ml-3{margin-left:.75rem}.ml-4{margin-left:1rem}.ml-5{margin-left:1.25rem}.ml-8{margin-left:2rem}.mr-1{margin-right:.25rem}.mr-16{margin-right:4rem}.mr-2{margin-right:.5rem}.mr-3{margin-right:.75rem}.mr-4{margin-right:1rem}.mr-6{margin-right:1.5rem}.mr-8{margin-right:2rem}.mt-0{margin-top:0}.mt-1{margin-top:.25rem}.mt-11{margin-top:2.75rem}.mt-2{margin-top:.5rem}.mt-3{margin-top:.75rem}.mt-4{margin-top:1rem}.mt-6{margin-top:1.5rem}.mt-7{margin-top:1.75rem}.mt-8{margin-top:2rem}.mt-auto{margin-top:auto}.block{display:block}.inline-block{display:inline-block}.inline{display:inline}.flex{display:flex}.inline-flex{display:inline-flex}.grid{display:grid}.inline-grid{display:inline-grid}.contents{display:contents}.hidden{display:none}.h-12{height:3rem}.h-14{height:3.5rem}.h-24{height:6rem}.h-4{height:1rem}.h-44{height:11rem}.h-4px{height:4px}.h-5{height:1.25rem}.h-6{height:1.5rem}.h-64{height:16rem}.h-8{height:2rem}.h-9{height:2.25rem}.h-auto{height:auto}.h-full{height:100%}.min-h-24{min-height:24rem}.min-h-3{min-height:3rem}.min-h-full{min-height:100%}.min-h-screen{min-height:100vh}.w-1\/2{width:50%}.w-1\/4{width:25%}.w-11\/12{width:91.666667%}.w-12{width:3rem}.w-4{width:1rem}.w-44{width:11rem}.w-5{width:1.25rem}.w-5\/6{width:83.333333%}.w-56{width:14rem}.w-6{width:1.5rem}.w-8{width:2rem}.w-full{width:100%}.w-min{width:-moz-min-content;width:min-content}.min-w-225{min-width:225px}.min-w-3{min-width:3rem}.min-w-3\/4{min-width:75%}.min-w-300{min-width:300px}.max-w-500{max-width:500px}.max-w-full{max-width:100%}.max-w-md{max-width:28rem}.max-w-screen-xl{max-width:1280px}.flex-1{flex:1 1 0%}.flex-none{flex:none}.shrink{flex-shrink:1}.shrink-0{flex-shrink:0}.flex-grow{flex-grow:1}.origin-top-right{transform-origin:top right}.-translate-y-1\/2{--tw-translate-y:-50%}.-translate-y-1\/2,.translate-y-0{transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}.translate-y-0{--tw-translate-y:0px}.translate-y-4{--tw-translate-y:1rem}.-rotate-90,.translate-y-4{transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}.-rotate-90{--tw-rotate:-90deg}.rotate-180{--tw-rotate:180deg}.rotate-45,.rotate-180{transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}.rotate-45{--tw-rotate:45deg}.rotate-90{--tw-rotate:90deg}.-scale-100,.rotate-90{transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}.-scale-100{--tw-scale-x:-1;--tw-scale-y:-1}.transform{transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}@keyframes fadein{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}.animate-fadein{animation:fadein .75s linear 0s}@keyframes spin{to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}.animate-spin{animation:spin 1s linear infinite}@keyframes wiggle{0%,to{transform:rotate(-7deg)}50%{transform:rotate(7deg)}}.animate-wiggle{animation:wiggle .5s linear 0s 3}.cursor-not-allowed{cursor:not-allowed}.cursor-pointer{cursor:pointer}.resize{resize:both}.list-inside{list-style-position:inside}.list-outside{list-style-position:outside}.list-decimal{list-style-type:decimal}.list-disc{list-style-type:disc}.list-none{list-style-type:none}.appearance-none{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}.grid-cols-1{grid-template-columns:repeat(1,minmax(0,1fr))}.grid-cols-2{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.grid-rows-1{grid-template-rows:repeat(1,minmax(0,1fr))}.grid-rows-2{grid-template-rows:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.grid-rows-3{grid-template-rows:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.grid-rows-4{grid-template-rows:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}.grid-rows-6{grid-template-rows:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr))}.flex-row{flex-direction:row}.flex-row-reverse{flex-direction:row-reverse}.flex-col{flex-direction:column}.flex-wrap{flex-wrap:wrap}.flex-nowrap{flex-wrap:nowrap}.items-start{align-items:flex-start}.items-end{align-items:flex-end}.items-center{align-items:center}.items-baseline{align-items:baseline}.items-stretch{align-items:stretch}.justify-end{justify-content:flex-end}.justify-center{justify-content:center}.justify-between{justify-content:space-between}.justify-items-center{justify-items:center}.gap-2{gap:.5rem}.gap-4{gap:1rem}.gap-8{gap:2rem}.self-start{align-self:flex-start}.self-end{align-self:flex-end}.self-center{align-self:center}.justify-self-start{justify-self:start}.justify-self-end{justify-self:end}.overflow-hidden{overflow:hidden}.overflow-y-auto{overflow-y:auto}.overflow-x-scroll{overflow-x:scroll}.whitespace-nowrap{white-space:nowrap}.break-words{overflow-wrap:break-word}.rounded{border-radius:.25rem}.rounded-2xl{border-radius:1rem}.rounded-full{border-radius:9999px}.rounded-lg{border-radius:.5rem}.rounded-md{border-radius:.375rem}.rounded-xl{border-radius:.75rem}.rounded-b-lg{border-bottom-right-radius:.5rem;border-bottom-left-radius:.5rem}.rounded-b-xl{border-bottom-right-radius:.75rem;border-bottom-left-radius:.75rem}.rounded-t-lg{border-top-left-radius:.5rem;border-top-right-radius:.5rem}.rounded-t-xl{border-top-left-radius:.75rem;border-top-right-radius:.75rem}.border{border-width:1px}.border-b{border-bottom-width:1px}.border-b-2{border-bottom-width:2px}.border-b-5{border-bottom-width:5px}.border-l-0{border-left-width:0}.border-l-2{border-left-width:2px}.border-l-4{border-left-width:4px}.border-r-2{border-right-width:2px}.border-t-6{border-top-width:6px}.border-accent-5{border-color:var(--color-accent-5)}.border-gray{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(221 221 221/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-gray-dark{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(119 119 119/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-gray-light{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(234 234 234/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-green{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-light-gray{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(234 234 234/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-mid-gray{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(44 44 44/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-primary{border-color:var(--color-primary)}.border-quiz-gray-2{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(221 221 221/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-tan{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(237 232 222/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.border-transparent{border-color:transparent}.border-white{--tw-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-border-opacity))}.bg-accent-1{background-color:var(--color-accent-1)}.bg-accent-2{background-color:var(--color-accent-2)}.bg-accent-3{background-color:var(--color-accent-3)}.bg-accent-4{background-color:var(--color-accent-4)}.bg-black{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(0 0 0/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-blue{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(12 81 153/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-dark-blue{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(21 21 56/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-gray{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(221 221 221/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-gray-dark{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(119 119 119/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-gray-darkest{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(4 4 4/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-gray-light{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(234 234 234/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-green{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-light-blue{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(40 161 216/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-light-gray{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(234 234 234/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-lighter-gray{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(247 247 247/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-mid-blue{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(42 112 224/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-primary{background-color:var(--color-primary)}.bg-quiz-error{background-color:var(--color-quiz-error)}.bg-quiz-gray-1{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(245 245 245/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-quiz-success{background-color:var(--color-quiz-success)}.bg-red{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(230 31 31/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-royal-blue{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(43 43 92/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-tan{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(237 232 222/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-transparent{background-color:transparent}.bg-white{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.bg-opacity-50{--tw-bg-opacity:0.5}.bg-opacity-65{--tw-bg-opacity:0.65}.bg-opacity-75{--tw-bg-opacity:0.75}.bg-escher-overlay{background-image:linear-gradient(102deg,rgba(43,43,92,.7),rgba(21,115,166,.7) 27%,rgba(21,114,165,.7) 76%,rgba(22,111,162,.7) 85%,rgba(21,115,166,.7) 89%,rgba(30,162,160,.7));}.bg-gradient-to-r{background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--tw-gradient-stops))}.bg-gradient-to-t{background-image:linear-gradient(0deg,var(--tw-gradient-stops))}.bg-hsw-gradient{background-image:linear-gradient(94deg,#2b2b5c,#1b6193 33%,#1573a6 50%,#1ea2a0 91%,#1ea2a0)}.bg-theme-gradient{background-image:linear-gradient(94deg,var(--color-grad-1),var(--color-grad-2) 33%,var(--color-grad-3) 50%,var(--color-grad-4) 91%,var(--color-grad-5))}.from-black{--tw-gradient-from:#000 var(--tw-gradient-from-position);--tw-gradient-to:transparent var(--tw-gradient-to-position)}.from-black,.from-royal-blue{--tw-gradient-stops:var(--tw-gradient-from),var(--tw-gradient-to)}.from-royal-blue{--tw-gradient-from:#2b2b5c var(--tw-gradient-from-position);--tw-gradient-to:rgba(43,43,92,0) var(--tw-gradient-to-position)}.to-transparent{--tw-gradient-to:transparent var(--tw-gradient-to-position)}.bg-cover{background-size:cover}.bg-scroll{background-attachment:scroll}.bg-center{background-position:50%}.bg-no-repeat{background-repeat:no-repeat}.fill-current{fill:currentColor}.stroke-accent-1{stroke:var(--color-accent-1)}.stroke-current{stroke:currentColor}.object-cover{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.p-1{padding:.25rem}.p-10{padding:2.5rem}.p-2{padding:.5rem}.p-3{padding:.75rem}.p-4{padding:1rem}.p-6{padding:1.5rem}.p-7{padding:1.75rem}.p-8{padding:2rem}.px-11{padding-left:2.75rem;padding-right:2.75rem}.px-2{padding-left:.5rem;padding-right:.5rem}.px-3{padding-left:.75rem;padding-right:.75rem}.px-4{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.px-5{padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem}.px-6{padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}.px-7{padding-left:1.75rem;padding-right:1.75rem}.px-8{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}.py-1{padding-top:.25rem;padding-bottom:.25rem}.py-12{padding-top:3rem;padding-bottom:3rem}.py-2{padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem}.py-3{padding-top:.75rem;padding-bottom:.75rem}.py-4{padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1rem}.py-6{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem}.py-8{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:2rem}.pb-12{padding-bottom:3rem}.pb-16{padding-bottom:4rem}.pb-2{padding-bottom:.5rem}.pb-20{padding-bottom:5rem}.pb-24{padding-bottom:6rem}.pb-4{padding-bottom:1rem}.pb-8{padding-bottom:2rem}.pl-2{padding-left:.5rem}.pl-3{padding-left:.75rem}.pl-4{padding-left:1rem}.pr-3{padding-right:.75rem}.pr-4{padding-right:1rem}.pt-0{padding-top:0}.pt-1{padding-top:.25rem}.pt-14{padding-top:3.5rem}.pt-16{padding-top:4rem}.pt-3{padding-top:.75rem}.pt-4{padding-top:1rem}.pt-5{padding-top:1.25rem}.pt-6{padding-top:1.5rem}.pt-8{padding-top:2rem}.text-left{text-align:left}.text-center{text-align:center}.text-right{text-align:right}.align-middle{vertical-align:middle}.align-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}.font-headline{font-family:Lato,Roboto,sans-serif}.text-2xl{font-size:1.5rem}.text-3xl{font-size:1.875rem}.text-4xl{font-size:2.25rem}.text-8xl{font-size:6rem}.text-base{font-size:1rem}.text-lg{font-size:1.125rem}.text-sm{font-size:.875rem}.text-xl{font-size:1.25rem}.text-xs{font-size:.75rem}.font-bold{font-weight:700}.font-medium{font-weight:500}.font-normal{font-weight:400}.uppercase{text-transform:uppercase}.normal-case{text-transform:none}.italic{font-style:italic}.leading-4{line-height:1rem}.leading-5{line-height:1.25rem}.leading-6{line-height:1.5rem}.leading-none{line-height:1}.leading-relaxed-more{line-height:1.75}.leading-tight{line-height:1.25}.leading-tighter{line-height:1.1}.text-accent-1{color:var(--color-accent-1)}.text-accent-2{color:var(--color-accent-2)}.text-black{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(0 0 0/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-brown{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(119 101 65/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-dark-blue{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(21 21 56/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-dark-gray{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(4 4 4/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-gray-dark{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(119 119 119/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-gray-darker{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(73 82 89/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-gray-darkest{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(4 4 4/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-green{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-lighter-gray{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(247 247 247/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-mid-gray{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(44 44 44/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-primary{color:var(--color-primary)}.text-quiz-error{color:var(--color-quiz-error)}.text-quiz-success{color:var(--color-quiz-success)}.text-red-error{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(177 55 55/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-royal-blue{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(43 43 92/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-white{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.text-zoo-gray{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(42 46 56/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.underline{text-decoration-line:underline}.placeholder-gray-dark::-moz-placeholder{--tw-placeholder-opacity:1;color:rgb(119 119 119/var(--tw-placeholder-opacity))}.placeholder-gray-dark::placeholder{--tw-placeholder-opacity:1;color:rgb(119 119 119/var(--tw-placeholder-opacity))}.opacity-0{opacity:0}.opacity-100{opacity:1}.opacity-25{opacity:.25}.opacity-40{opacity:.4}.opacity-53{opacity:.53}.opacity-75{opacity:.75}.shadow{--tw-shadow:0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0 1px 2px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);--tw-shadow-colored:0 1px 3px 0 var(--tw-shadow-color),0 1px 2px -1px var(--tw-shadow-color)}.shadow,.shadow-lg{box-shadow:var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow,0 0 transparent),var(--tw-ring-shadow,0 0 transparent),var(--tw-shadow)}.shadow-lg{--tw-shadow:0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0 4px 6px -4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);--tw-shadow-colored:0 10px 15px -3px var(--tw-shadow-color),0 4px 6px -4px var(--tw-shadow-color)}.shadow-sm{--tw-shadow:0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.05);--tw-shadow-colored:0 1px 2px 0 var(--tw-shadow-color)}.shadow-sm,.shadow-xl{box-shadow:var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow,0 0 transparent),var(--tw-ring-shadow,0 0 transparent),var(--tw-shadow)}.shadow-xl{--tw-shadow:0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0 8px 10px -6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);--tw-shadow-colored:0 20px 25px -5px var(--tw-shadow-color),0 8px 10px -6px var(--tw-shadow-color)}.outline{outline-style:solid}.outline-offset-0{outline-offset:0}.outline-gray{outline-color:#ddd}.ring{--tw-ring-offset-shadow:var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color);--tw-ring-shadow:var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(3px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color);box-shadow:var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent)}.ring-primary{--tw-ring-color:var(--color-primary)}.drop-shadow{--tw-drop-shadow:drop-shadow(0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1)) drop-shadow(0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.06))}.drop-shadow,.filter{filter:var(--tw-blur) var(--tw-brightness) var(--tw-contrast) var(--tw-grayscale) var(--tw-hue-rotate) var(--tw-invert) var(--tw-saturate) var(--tw-sepia) var(--tw-drop-shadow)}.transition{transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,text-decoration-color,fill,stroke,opacity,box-shadow,transform,filter,-webkit-backdrop-filter;transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,text-decoration-color,fill,stroke,opacity,box-shadow,transform,filter,backdrop-filter;transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,text-decoration-color,fill,stroke,opacity,box-shadow,transform,filter,backdrop-filter,-webkit-backdrop-filter;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);transition-duration:.15s}.transition-all{transition-property:all;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);transition-duration:.15s}.transition-colors{transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,text-decoration-color,fill,stroke;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);transition-duration:.15s}.transition-none{transition-property:none}.transition-opacity{transition-property:opacity;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1)}.duration-150,.transition-opacity{transition-duration:.15s}.duration-200{transition-duration:.2s}.duration-250{transition-duration:.25s}.duration-300{transition-duration:.3s}.ease-in{transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,1,1)}.ease-in-out{transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1)}.ease-out{transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0,0,.2,1)}.line-clamp-1{-webkit-line-clamp:1}.line-clamp-1,.line-clamp-2{overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.line-clamp-2{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.line-clamp-3{-webkit-line-clamp:3}.line-clamp-3,.line-clamp-4{overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.line-clamp-4{-webkit-line-clamp:4}.\[shown\:1\]{shown:1}.h-50{height:50px}.h-90{height:90px}.h-200{height:200px}.h-275{height:275px}.h-max-90{max-height:90px}.h-max-200{max-height:200px}.h-max-250{max-height:250px}.h-max-600{max-height:600px}.h-min-90{min-height:90px}.h-min-200{min-height:200px}.h-min-250{min-height:250px}.h-min-400{min-height:400px}.h-min-600{min-height:600px}.h-min-1000{min-height:1000px}.w-168{width:168px}.w-300{width:300px}.w-1200{width:1200px}.w-1600{width:1600px}.w-max-1200{max-width:1200px}.w-max-1600{max-width:1600px}.z-999{z-index:999}.z-1050{z-index:1050}.image-mask{mask-image:linear-gradient(180deg,#000 50%,transparent);-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(180deg,#000 50%,transparent)}@media print{.image-mask{mask-image:none;-webkit-mask-image:none}}.before\:mr-2:before{content:var(--tw-content);margin-right:.5rem}.before\:h-4px:before{content:var(--tw-content);height:4px}.before\:flex-1:before{content:var(--tw-content);flex:1 1 0%}.before\:bg-green:before{content:var(--tw-content);--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.before\:content-\[\'\'\]:before{--tw-content:"";content:var(--tw-content)}.after\:absolute:after{content:var(--tw-content);position:absolute}.after\:left-0:after{content:var(--tw-content);left:0}.after\:top-full:after{content:var(--tw-content);top:100%}.after\:ml-2:after{content:var(--tw-content);margin-left:.5rem}.after\:h-4px:after{content:var(--tw-content);height:4px}.after\:h-5px:after{content:var(--tw-content);height:5px}.after\:w-full:after{content:var(--tw-content);width:100%}.after\:flex-1:after{content:var(--tw-content);flex:1 1 0%}.after\:bg-green:after{content:var(--tw-content);--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.after\:bg-primary:after{content:var(--tw-content);background-color:var(--color-primary)}.after\:bg-white:after{content:var(--tw-content);--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.after\:bg-theme-gradient:after{content:var(--tw-content);background-image:linear-gradient(94deg,var(--color-grad-1),var(--color-grad-2) 33%,var(--color-grad-3) 50%,var(--color-grad-4) 91%,var(--color-grad-5))}.after\:content-\[\'\'\]:after{--tw-content:"";content:var(--tw-content)}.hover\:border-primary:hover{border-color:var(--color-primary)}.hover\:bg-accent-1:hover{background-color:var(--color-accent-1)}.hover\:bg-gray-light:hover{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(234 234 234/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.hover\:bg-green:hover{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.hover\:bg-lighter-gray:hover{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(247 247 247/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.hover\:bg-primary:hover{background-color:var(--color-primary)}.hover\:font-bold:hover{font-weight:700}.hover\:text-accent-1:hover{color:var(--color-accent-1)}.hover\:text-accent-4:hover{color:var(--color-accent-4)}.hover\:text-black:hover{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(0 0 0/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.hover\:text-green:hover{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.hover\:text-primary:hover{color:var(--color-primary)}.hover\:text-royal-blue:hover{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(43 43 92/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.hover\:text-white:hover{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.hover\:opacity-100:hover{opacity:1}.focus\:text-accent-1:focus{color:var(--color-accent-1)}.focus\:text-green:focus{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.focus\:outline-none:focus{outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px}.focus\:ring-primary:focus{--tw-ring-color:var(--color-primary)}.focus\:ring-royal-blue:focus{--tw-ring-opacity:1;--tw-ring-color:rgb(43 43 92/var(--tw-ring-opacity))}.group:hover .group-hover\:flex{display:flex}.group:hover .group-hover\:bg-green{--tw-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.group:hover .group-hover\:bg-primary{background-color:var(--color-primary)}.group:hover .group-hover\:from-dark-blue{--tw-gradient-from:#151538 var(--tw-gradient-from-position);--tw-gradient-to:rgba(21,21,56,0) var(--tw-gradient-to-position);--tw-gradient-stops:var(--tw-gradient-from),var(--tw-gradient-to)}.group:hover .group-hover\:text-green{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(30 162 160/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.group:hover .group-hover\:text-white{--tw-text-opacity:1;color:rgb(255 255 255/var(--tw-text-opacity))}.group:focus .group-focus\:opacity-75,.group:hover .group-hover\:opacity-75{opacity:.75}@media (min-width:640px){.sm\:order-1{order:1}.sm\:order-2{order:2}.sm\:order-3{order:3}.sm\:col-span-2{grid-column:span 2/span 2}.sm\:row-span-2{grid-row:span 2/span 2}.sm\:my-8{margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem}.sm\:mb-0{margin-bottom:0}.sm\:mb-6{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.sm\:ml-3{margin-left:.75rem}.sm\:block{display:block}.sm\:inline-block{display:inline-block}.sm\:grid{display:grid}.sm\:hidden{display:none}.sm\:h-screen{height:100vh}.sm\:w-auto{width:auto}.sm\:w-full{width:100%}.sm\:max-w-lg{max-width:32rem}.sm\:translate-y-0{--tw-translate-y:0px}.sm\:scale-100,.sm\:translate-y-0{transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}.sm\:scale-100{--tw-scale-x:1;--tw-scale-y:1}.sm\:scale-95{--tw-scale-x:.95;--tw-scale-y:.95;transform:translate(var(--tw-translate-x),var(--tw-translate-y)) rotate(var(--tw-rotate)) skewX(var(--tw-skew-x)) skewY(var(--tw-skew-y)) scaleX(var(--tw-scale-x)) scaleY(var(--tw-scale-y))}.sm\:grid-cols-2{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.sm\:grid-cols-3{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.sm\:grid-cols-fs-md{grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr}.sm\:grid-cols-fsr-md{grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr}.sm\:grid-rows-1{grid-template-rows:repeat(1,minmax(0,1fr))}.sm\:grid-rows-2{grid-template-rows:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.sm\:grid-rows-4{grid-template-rows:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}.sm\:gap-4{gap:1rem}.sm\:gap-6{gap:1.5rem}.sm\:gap-8{gap:2rem}.sm\:p-0{padding:0}.sm\:p-6{padding:1.5rem}.sm\:px-6{padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}.sm\:pb-4{padding-bottom:1rem}.sm\:align-middle{vertical-align:middle}.sm\:text-2xl{font-size:1.5rem}.sm\:text-sm{font-size:.875rem}.sm\:leading-5{line-height:1.25rem}.sm\:line-clamp-3{overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3}}@media (min-width:768px){.md\:relative{position:relative}.md\:float-left{float:left}.md\:mx-0{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.md\:mx-4{margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem}.md\:mx-auto{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.md\:-mt-36{margin-top:-9rem}.md\:-mt-4{margin-top:-1rem}.md\:mb-0{margin-bottom:0}.md\:mb-4{margin-bottom:1rem}.md\:mb-8{margin-bottom:2rem}.md\:ml-0{margin-left:0}.md\:mr-6{margin-right:1.5rem}.md\:mt-8{margin-top:2rem}.md\:block{display:block}.md\:inline{display:inline}.md\:flex{display:flex}.md\:hidden{display:none}.md\:h-20{height:5rem}.md\:min-h-30{min-height:30rem}.md\:w-1\/2{width:50%}.md\:w-1\/3{width:33.333333%}.md\:w-11\/12{width:91.666667%}.md\:w-2\/3{width:66.666667%}.md\:w-auto{width:auto}.md\:max-w-1014{max-width:1014px}.md\:flex-1{flex:1 1 0%}.md\:shrink{flex-shrink:1}.md\:shrink-0{flex-shrink:0}.md\:grid-flow-col{grid-auto-flow:column}.md\:grid-cols-2{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.md\:grid-cols-3{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.md\:grid-rows-1{grid-template-rows:repeat(1,minmax(0,1fr))}.md\:grid-rows-3{grid-template-rows:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.md\:flex-row{flex-direction:row}.md\:flex-nowrap{flex-wrap:nowrap}.md\:items-stretch{align-items:stretch}.md\:justify-start{justify-content:flex-start}.md\:justify-center{justify-content:center}.md\:overflow-x-visible{overflow-x:visible}.md\:px-0{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.md\:px-2{padding-left:.5rem;padding-right:.5rem}.md\:px-4{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.md\:py-12{padding-top:3rem;padding-bottom:3rem}.md\:pb-0{padding-bottom:0}.md\:pr-10{padding-right:2.5rem}.md\:pt-0{padding-top:0}.md\:pt-6{padding-top:1.5rem}.md\:text-left{text-align:left}.md\:text-right{text-align:right}.md\:text-2xl{font-size:1.5rem}.md\:text-3xl{font-size:1.875rem}.md\:text-4xl{font-size:2.25rem}.md\:text-5xl{font-size:3rem}.md\:font-bold{font-weight:700}.md\:font-normal{font-weight:400}.md\:leading-tight{line-height:1.25}}@media (min-width:1024px){.lg\:order-3{order:3}.lg\:order-4{order:4}.lg\:order-5{order:5}.lg\:col-span-1{grid-column:span 1/span 1}.lg\:col-span-3{grid-column:span 3/span 3}.lg\:row-span-2{grid-row:span 2/span 2}.lg\:mx-0{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.lg\:mx-6{margin-left:1.5rem;margin-right:1.5rem}.lg\:mx-8{margin-left:2rem;margin-right:2rem}.lg\:my-0{margin-top:0}.lg\:mb-0,.lg\:my-0{margin-bottom:0}.lg\:mb-11{margin-bottom:2.75rem}.lg\:mb-2{margin-bottom:.5rem}.lg\:mb-4{margin-bottom:1rem}.lg\:mb-8{margin-bottom:2rem}.lg\:ml-auto{margin-left:auto}.lg\:mr-0{margin-right:0}.lg\:mt-0{margin-top:0}.lg\:block{display:block}.lg\:flex{display:flex}.lg\:grid{display:grid}.lg\:hidden{display:none}.lg\:h-20{height:5rem}.lg\:min-h-2{min-height:2rem}.lg\:w-1\/2{width:50%}.lg\:w-1\/4{width:25%}.lg\:w-11\/12{width:91.666667%}.lg\:w-3\/4{width:75%}.lg\:w-auto{width:auto}.lg\:min-w-2{min-width:2rem}.lg\:min-w-300{min-width:300px}.lg\:max-w-195{max-width:195px}.lg\:max-w-xs{max-width:20rem}.lg\:grid-cols-2{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.lg\:grid-cols-3{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.lg\:grid-cols-4{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}.lg\:grid-cols-fs-lg{grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr 1fr}.lg\:grid-cols-fsr-lg{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 2fr}.lg\:grid-rows-1{grid-template-rows:repeat(1,minmax(0,1fr))}.lg\:grid-rows-2{grid-template-rows:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.lg\:flex-row{flex-direction:row}.lg\:items-center{align-items:center}.lg\:items-stretch{align-items:stretch}.lg\:gap-8{gap:2rem}.lg\:gap-x-8{-moz-column-gap:2rem;column-gap:2rem}.lg\:gap-y-6{row-gap:1.5rem}.lg\:self-start{align-self:flex-start}.lg\:p-8{padding:2rem}.lg\:px-0{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.lg\:px-10{padding-left:2.5rem;padding-right:2.5rem}.lg\:px-5{padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem}.lg\:px-8{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}.lg\:py-3{padding-top:.75rem;padding-bottom:.75rem}.lg\:py-4{padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1rem}.lg\:pr-4{padding-right:1rem}.lg\:pt-8{padding-top:2rem}.lg\:text-2xl{font-size:1.5rem}.lg\:text-4xl{font-size:2.25rem}.lg\:text-lg{font-size:1.125rem}.lg\:text-xl{font-size:1.25rem}}@media (min-width:1280px){.xl\:mb-4{margin-bottom:1rem}.xl\:mb-5{margin-bottom:1.25rem}.xl\:mb-8{margin-bottom:2rem}.xl\:block{display:block}.xl\:inline-block{display:inline-block}.xl\:flex{display:flex}.xl\:grid-cols-4{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}.xl\:p-8{padding:2rem}.xl\:px-10{padding-left:2.5rem;padding-right:2.5rem}.xl\:py-3{padding-top:.75rem;padding-bottom:.75rem}.xl\:pl-10{padding-left:2.5rem}.xl\:text-6xl{font-size:4rem}.xl\:text-base{font-size:1rem}.xl\:text-lg{font-size:1.125rem}.xl\:line-clamp-3{overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3}}@media (min-width:1536px){.\32xl\:mr-5{margin-right:1.25rem}.\32xl\:text-2xl{font-size:1.5rem}}@media print{.print\:block{display:block}.print\:hidden{display:none}.print\:h-auto{height:auto}.print\:overflow-auto{overflow:auto}}@media (min-width:1600px){.xxl\:min-h-35{min-height:35rem}}
	</style>		
	
	<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Subscribe to What's New / HowStuffWorks RSS" href="https://syndication.howstuffworks.com/rss/HSW"><link rel="icon" href="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/icons/favicon.svg">
	<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/icons/apple-touch.png">
	<link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json">
	<link rel="mask-icon" href="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/icons/favicon-mask.svg" color="#000033">
	<meta name="theme-color" content="#151538">

		<link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2943/css/videojs.min.css" media="all" onload="this.media='all'">


		
		<script>
		  		var dfpVideoSettings = {
			s1 : '',
			s2 : '',
			s3 : '',
			_sz                   : "640x360",
			contentId             : "945307",
			_cmsid                : "1108",
			_iu                   : "108939068/hsw_video/culture/people/government/politicalissues",
			_ciu_szs              : "300x60",
			_showAds              : true
		};
												dfpVideoSettings.s1 = "culture";
										dfpVideoSettings.s2 = "people";
										dfpVideoSettings.s3 = "government";
										
		//Build DFP/IMA custParams on ad call
		var custParams = 'type=video'
					   + (dfpVideoSettings.s1 !== '' ? '&s1=' + dfpVideoSettings.s1 : '')
					   + (dfpVideoSettings.s2 !== '' ? '&s2=' + dfpVideoSettings.s2 : '')
					   + (dfpVideoSettings.s3 !== '' ? '&s3=' + dfpVideoSettings.s3 : '')
					   + '&pos=pre';

		var testValue = HSW.utilities.getQueryVar('test');
		if (testValue !== false) {
			custParams += '&test=' + testValue.replace(/[^\w\-]/gi, '');
		}

		dfpVideoSettings._cust_params = encodeURIComponent(custParams);
		</script>
	

		<script>
		setTimeout( function() {
			(function(d) {
				var e = d.createElement('script');
				e.src = d.location.protocol + '//tag.wknd.ai/6044/i.js';
				e.async = true;
				d.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(e);
			}(document));
		},3000);
	</script>
	
<script src="//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2943/js/ux.editorial.min.js" async=""></script><script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202408.1.0/otBannerSdk.js" async="" type="text/javascript"></script><script async="" class="ct_clicktrue_28382" data-ch="cheq4ppc" data-uvid="dznwtkvkqeniu9bc7j4mv22s" src="https://ob.system1onesource.com/i/35289458b2de2bf5220f730bdbc66486.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202408.1.0/otTCF.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202408.1.0/otGPP.js"></script><script src="https://obs.system1onesource.com/ct?id=28382&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm&amp;sf=0&amp;tpi=&amp;ch=cheq4ppc&amp;uvid=dznwtkvkqeniu9bc7j4mv22s&amp;tsf=0&amp;tsfmi=&amp;tsfu=&amp;cb=1734297556525&amp;hl=2&amp;op=0&amp;ag=2490659978&amp;rand=83430961191201661260106622010718181002717559511501512510599520617002882126030936670002&amp;fs=800x600&amp;fst=800x600&amp;np=&amp;nv=google%20inc.&amp;ref=&amp;ss=1x1&amp;nc=0&amp;at=&amp;di=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%3D&amp;dep=0&amp;pre=0&amp;sdd=&amp;cri=jTtkfHw7BT&amp;pto=2867&amp;ver=62&amp;gac=-&amp;mei=&amp;ap=&amp;fe=1&amp;duid=1.1734297556.Uxs79WP0proKOUp1&amp;suid=1.1734297556.8HRqBsZR803psF7b&amp;tuid=1.1734297556.AZfBSF6JrBFwnUHP&amp;fbc=-&amp;gtm=WyJyYXctZXZlbnQiLCJvYmplY3QtbG9hZCIsIk9uZVRydXN0TG9hZGVkIiwiT3B0YW5vbkxvYWRlZCIsIk9uZVRydXN0R3JvdXBzVXBkYXRlZCJd&amp;it=30%2C1627%2C159&amp;fbcl=-&amp;gacl=-&amp;gacsd=-&amp;rtic=-&amp;bgc=-&amp;spa=1&amp;urid=0&amp;ab=&amp;sck=-&amp;io=aGA2Og%3D%3D" async=""></script><style id="onetrust-style">#onetrust-banner-sdk .onetrust-vendors-list-handler{cursor:pointer;color:#1f96db;font-size:inherit;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin-left:5px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .onetrust-vendors-list-handler:hover{color:#1f96db}#onetrust-banner-sdk:focus{outline:2px solid #000;outline-offset:-2px}#onetrust-banner-sdk a:focus{outline:2px solid #000}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-reject-all-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler{outline-offset:1px}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-bnr-w-logo .ot-bnr-logo{height:64px;width:64px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-tcf2-vendor-count.ot-text-bold{font-weight:700}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-close-icon,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-close-icon,#ot-sync-ntfy .ot-close-icon{background-size:contain;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;height:12px;width:12px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .powered-by-logo,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-pc-footer-logo a,#onetrust-pc-sdk .powered-by-logo,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-pc-footer-logo a,#ot-sync-ntfy .powered-by-logo,#ot-sync-ntfy .ot-pc-footer-logo a{background-size:contain;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;height:25px;width:152px;display:block;text-decoration:none;font-size:.75em}#onetrust-banner-sdk .powered-by-logo:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-pc-footer-logo a:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk .powered-by-logo:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-pc-footer-logo a:hover,#ot-sync-ntfy .powered-by-logo:hover,#ot-sync-ntfy .ot-pc-footer-logo a:hover{color:#565656}#onetrust-banner-sdk h3 *,#onetrust-banner-sdk h4 *,#onetrust-banner-sdk h6 *,#onetrust-banner-sdk button *,#onetrust-banner-sdk a[data-parent-id] *,#onetrust-pc-sdk h3 *,#onetrust-pc-sdk h4 *,#onetrust-pc-sdk h6 *,#onetrust-pc-sdk button *,#onetrust-pc-sdk a[data-parent-id] *,#ot-sync-ntfy h3 *,#ot-sync-ntfy h4 *,#ot-sync-ntfy h6 *,#ot-sync-ntfy button *,#ot-sync-ntfy a[data-parent-id] *{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;color:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-hide,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-hide,#ot-sync-ntfy .ot-hide{display:none!important}#onetrust-banner-sdk button.ot-link-btn:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk button.ot-link-btn:hover,#ot-sync-ntfy button.ot-link-btn:hover{text-decoration:underline;opacity:1}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-row .ot-sdk-column{padding:0}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-container{padding-right:0}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-row{flex-direction:initial;width:100%}#onetrust-pc-sdk [type=checkbox]:checked,#onetrust-pc-sdk [type=checkbox]:not(:checked){pointer-events:initial}#onetrust-pc-sdk [type=checkbox]:disabled+label::before,#onetrust-pc-sdk [type=checkbox]:disabled+label:after,#onetrust-pc-sdk [type=checkbox]:disabled+label{pointer-events:none;opacity:.7}#onetrust-pc-sdk #vendor-list-content{transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}#onetrust-pc-sdk li input[type=checkbox]{z-index:1}#onetrust-pc-sdk li .ot-checkbox label{z-index:2}#onetrust-pc-sdk li .ot-checkbox input[type=checkbox]{height:auto;width:auto}#onetrust-pc-sdk li .host-title a,#onetrust-pc-sdk li .ot-host-name a,#onetrust-pc-sdk li .accordion-text,#onetrust-pc-sdk li .ot-acc-txt{z-index:2;position:relative}#onetrust-pc-sdk input{margin:3px .1ex}#onetrust-pc-sdk .pc-logo,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-pc-logo{height:60px;width:180px;background-position:center;background-size:contain;background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}#onetrust-pc-sdk .pc-logo img,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-pc-logo img{max-height:100%;max-width:100%}#onetrust-pc-sdk .screen-reader-only,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-scrn-rdr,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .screen-reader-only,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-scrn-rdr{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}#onetrust-pc-sdk.ot-fade-in,.onetrust-pc-dark-filter.ot-fade-in,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-fade-in{animation-name:onetrust-fade-in;animation-duration:400ms;animation-timing-function:ease-in-out}#onetrust-pc-sdk.ot-hide{display:none!important}.onetrust-pc-dark-filter.ot-hide{display:none!important}#ot-sdk-btn.ot-sdk-show-settings,#ot-sdk-btn.optanon-show-settings{color:#68b631;border:1px solid #68b631;height:auto;white-space:normal;word-wrap:break-word;padding:.8em 2em;font-size:.8em;line-height:1.2;cursor:pointer;-moz-transition:.1s ease;-o-transition:.1s ease;-webkit-transition:1s ease;transition:.1s ease}#ot-sdk-btn.ot-sdk-show-settings:hover,#ot-sdk-btn.optanon-show-settings:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#68b631}.onetrust-pc-dark-filter{background:rgba(0,0,0,.5);z-index:2147483646;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden;position:fixed;top:0;bottom:0;left:0}@keyframes onetrust-fade-in{0%{opacity:0}100%{opacity:1}}.ot-cookie-label{text-decoration:underline}@media only screen and (min-width:426px)and (max-width:896px)and (orientation:landscape){#onetrust-pc-sdk p{font-size:.75em}}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-input:focus+label{outline:1px solid #000;outline-style:auto}.category-vendors-list-handler+a:focus,.category-vendors-list-handler+a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #000}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-userid-title{margin-top:10px}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-userid-title>span,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-userid-timestamp>span{font-weight:700}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-userid-desc{font-style:italic}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-host-desc a{pointer-events:initial}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-ven-hdr>p a{position:relative;z-index:2;pointer-events:initial}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-vnd-serv .ot-vnd-item .ot-vnd-info a,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-vs-list .ot-vnd-item .ot-vnd-info a{margin-right:auto}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-pc-footer-logo img{width:136px;height:16px}#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-pur-vdr-count{font-weight:400;font-size:.7rem;padding-top:3px;display:block}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-optout-signal,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-optout-signal{border:1px solid #32ae88;border-radius:3px;padding:5px;margin-bottom:10px;background-color:#f9fffa;font-size:.85rem;line-height:2}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-optout-signal .ot-optout-icon,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-optout-signal .ot-optout-icon{display:inline;margin-right:5px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-optout-signal svg,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-optout-signal svg{height:20px;width:30px;transform:scale(.5)}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-optout-signal svg path,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-optout-signal svg path{fill:#32ae88}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-general-modal{overflow:hidden;position:fixed;margin:0 auto;top:50%;left:50%;width:40%;padding:1.5rem;max-width:575px;min-width:575px;z-index:2147483647;border-radius:2.5px;transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group{margin-top:1rem;padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem;margin-bottom:.625rem;width:calc(100% - 2.5rem)}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-signature-health-form{gap:.5rem}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-health-form{width:70%;gap:.35rem}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-input{height:38px;padding:6px 10px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #d1d1d1;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:none;box-sizing:border-box}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-subtitle{font-size:1.125rem}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-group-title{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:1rem}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-cont,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-signature-cont{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.25rem}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-paragraph,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-signature-paragraph{margin:0;line-height:20px;font-size:max(14px,.875rem)}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-health-signature-error,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-health-signature-error{color:#4d4d4d;font-size:min(12px,.75rem)}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-buttons-cont,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-signature-buttons-cont{margin-top:max(.75rem,2%);gap:1rem;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-button,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-signature-button{flex:1;height:auto;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.2;min-width:125px;font-weight:600;font-size:.813em;border-radius:2px;padding:12px 10px;white-space:normal;word-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word;background-color:#68b631;border:2px solid #68b631}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-button.reject,#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-group .ot-signature-button.reject{background-color:#fff}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-input-field-cont{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.5rem}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-input-field-cont .ot-signature-input{width:65%}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-form{display:flex;flex-direction:column}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health-form .ot-signature-label{margin-bottom:0;line-height:20px;font-size:max(14px,.875rem)}@media only screen and (max-width:600px){#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-general-modal{min-width:100%}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-signature-health .ot-signature-health-form{width:100%}#onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-input-field-cont .ot-signature-input{width:100%}}#onetrust-banner-sdk,#onetrust-pc-sdk,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy,#ot-sync-ntfy{font-size:16px}#onetrust-banner-sdk *,#onetrust-banner-sdk ::after,#onetrust-banner-sdk ::before,#onetrust-pc-sdk *,#onetrust-pc-sdk ::after,#onetrust-pc-sdk ::before,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy *,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy ::after,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy ::before,#ot-sync-ntfy *,#ot-sync-ntfy ::after,#ot-sync-ntfy ::before{-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box}#onetrust-banner-sdk div,#onetrust-banner-sdk span,#onetrust-banner-sdk h1,#onetrust-banner-sdk h2,#onetrust-banner-sdk h3,#onetrust-banner-sdk h4,#onetrust-banner-sdk h5,#onetrust-banner-sdk h6,#onetrust-banner-sdk p,#onetrust-banner-sdk img,#onetrust-banner-sdk svg,#onetrust-banner-sdk button,#onetrust-banner-sdk section,#onetrust-banner-sdk a,#onetrust-banner-sdk label,#onetrust-banner-sdk input,#onetrust-banner-sdk ul,#onetrust-banner-sdk li,#onetrust-banner-sdk nav,#onetrust-banner-sdk table,#onetrust-banner-sdk thead,#onetrust-banner-sdk tr,#onetrust-banner-sdk td,#onetrust-banner-sdk tbody,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-main-content,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-toggle,#onetrust-banner-sdk #ot-content,#onetrust-banner-sdk #ot-pc-content,#onetrust-banner-sdk .checkbox,#onetrust-pc-sdk div,#onetrust-pc-sdk span,#onetrust-pc-sdk h1,#onetrust-pc-sdk h2,#onetrust-pc-sdk h3,#onetrust-pc-sdk h4,#onetrust-pc-sdk h5,#onetrust-pc-sdk h6,#onetrust-pc-sdk p,#onetrust-pc-sdk img,#onetrust-pc-sdk svg,#onetrust-pc-sdk button,#onetrust-pc-sdk section,#onetrust-pc-sdk a,#onetrust-pc-sdk label,#onetrust-pc-sdk input,#onetrust-pc-sdk ul,#onetrust-pc-sdk li,#onetrust-pc-sdk nav,#onetrust-pc-sdk table,#onetrust-pc-sdk thead,#onetrust-pc-sdk tr,#onetrust-pc-sdk td,#onetrust-pc-sdk tbody,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-main-content,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-toggle,#onetrust-pc-sdk #ot-content,#onetrust-pc-sdk #ot-pc-content,#onetrust-pc-sdk .checkbox,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy div,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy span,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h1,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h2,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h5,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy p,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy img,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy svg,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy section,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy label,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy ul,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy li,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy nav,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy table,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy thead,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy tr,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy td,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy tbody,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-main-content,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-toggle,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy #ot-content,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy #ot-pc-content,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .checkbox,#ot-sync-ntfy div,#ot-sync-ntfy span,#ot-sync-ntfy h1,#ot-sync-ntfy h2,#ot-sync-ntfy h3,#ot-sync-ntfy h4,#ot-sync-ntfy h5,#ot-sync-ntfy h6,#ot-sync-ntfy p,#ot-sync-ntfy img,#ot-sync-ntfy svg,#ot-sync-ntfy button,#ot-sync-ntfy section,#ot-sync-ntfy a,#ot-sync-ntfy label,#ot-sync-ntfy input,#ot-sync-ntfy ul,#ot-sync-ntfy li,#ot-sync-ntfy nav,#ot-sync-ntfy table,#ot-sync-ntfy thead,#ot-sync-ntfy tr,#ot-sync-ntfy td,#ot-sync-ntfy tbody,#ot-sync-ntfy .ot-main-content,#ot-sync-ntfy .ot-toggle,#ot-sync-ntfy #ot-content,#ot-sync-ntfy #ot-pc-content,#ot-sync-ntfy .checkbox{font-family:inherit;font-weight:400;-webkit-font-smoothing:auto;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;padding:0;margin:0;height:auto;min-height:0;max-height:none;width:auto;min-width:0;max-width:none;border-radius:0;border:none;clear:none;float:none;position:static;bottom:auto;left:auto;right:auto;top:auto;text-align:left;text-decoration:none;text-indent:0;text-shadow:none;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;background:0 0;overflow:visible;vertical-align:baseline;visibility:visible;z-index:auto;box-shadow:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk label:before,#onetrust-banner-sdk label:after,#onetrust-banner-sdk .checkbox:after,#onetrust-banner-sdk .checkbox:before,#onetrust-pc-sdk label:before,#onetrust-pc-sdk label:after,#onetrust-pc-sdk .checkbox:after,#onetrust-pc-sdk .checkbox:before,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy label:before,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy label:after,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .checkbox:after,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .checkbox:before,#ot-sync-ntfy label:before,#ot-sync-ntfy label:after,#ot-sync-ntfy .checkbox:after,#ot-sync-ntfy .checkbox:before{content:"";content:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-container,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-container,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-container{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;padding:0 20px;box-sizing:border-box}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-column,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-column,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-column,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-columns{width:100%;float:left;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;display:initial}@media(min-width:400px){#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-container,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-container,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-container{width:90%;padding:0}}@media(min-width:550px){#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-container,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-container,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-container{width:100%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-column,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-column,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-column,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-columns{margin-left:4%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-column:first-child,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-columns:first-child,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-column:first-child,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-columns:first-child,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-column:first-child,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-columns:first-child{margin-left:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-two.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-two.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-two.ot-sdk-columns{width:13.3333333333%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-three.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-three.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-three.ot-sdk-columns{width:22%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-four.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-four.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-four.ot-sdk-columns{width:30.6666666667%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-eight.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-eight.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-eight.ot-sdk-columns{width:65.3333333333%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-nine.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-nine.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-nine.ot-sdk-columns{width:74%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-ten.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-ten.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-ten.ot-sdk-columns{width:82.6666666667%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-eleven.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-eleven.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-eleven.ot-sdk-columns{width:91.3333333333%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-twelve.ot-sdk-columns,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-twelve.ot-sdk-columns,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-twelve.ot-sdk-columns{width:100%;margin-left:0}}#onetrust-banner-sdk h1,#onetrust-banner-sdk h2,#onetrust-banner-sdk h3,#onetrust-banner-sdk h4,#onetrust-banner-sdk h5,#onetrust-banner-sdk h6,#onetrust-pc-sdk h1,#onetrust-pc-sdk h2,#onetrust-pc-sdk h3,#onetrust-pc-sdk h4,#onetrust-pc-sdk h5,#onetrust-pc-sdk h6,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h1,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h2,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h5,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6{margin-top:0;font-weight:600;font-family:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk h1,#onetrust-pc-sdk h1,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h1{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2}#onetrust-banner-sdk h2,#onetrust-pc-sdk h2,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h2{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.25}#onetrust-banner-sdk h3,#onetrust-pc-sdk h3,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.3}#onetrust-banner-sdk h4,#onetrust-pc-sdk h4,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.35}#onetrust-banner-sdk h5,#onetrust-pc-sdk h5,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h5{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.5}#onetrust-banner-sdk h6,#onetrust-pc-sdk h6,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.6}@media(min-width:550px){#onetrust-banner-sdk h1,#onetrust-pc-sdk h1,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h1{font-size:1.5rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk h2,#onetrust-pc-sdk h2,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h2{font-size:1.5rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk h3,#onetrust-pc-sdk h3,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3{font-size:1.5rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk h4,#onetrust-pc-sdk h4,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4{font-size:1.5rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk h5,#onetrust-pc-sdk h5,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h5{font-size:1.5rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk h6,#onetrust-pc-sdk h6,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6{font-size:1.5rem}}#onetrust-banner-sdk p,#onetrust-pc-sdk p,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy p{margin:0 0 1em;font-family:inherit;line-height:normal}#onetrust-banner-sdk a,#onetrust-pc-sdk a,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy a{color:#565656;text-decoration:underline}#onetrust-banner-sdk a:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk a:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy a:hover{color:#565656;text-decoration:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button,#onetrust-banner-sdk button,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button,#onetrust-pc-sdk button,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button{margin-bottom:1rem;font-family:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button,#onetrust-banner-sdk button,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button,#onetrust-pc-sdk button,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button{display:inline-block;height:38px;padding:0 30px;color:#555;text-align:center;font-size:.9em;font-weight:400;line-height:38px;letter-spacing:.01em;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap;background-color:transparent;border-radius:2px;border:1px solid #bbb;cursor:pointer;box-sizing:border-box}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:not(.ot-link-btn):hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:not(.ot-link-btn):focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:not(.ot-link-btn):hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:not(.ot-link-btn):focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:not(.ot-link-btn):hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:not(.ot-link-btn):focus{color:#333;border-color:#888;opacity:.7}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button:focus,#onetrust-banner-sdk :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy :not(.ot-leg-btn-container)>button:focus{outline:2px solid #000}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-banner-sdk button.ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-pc-sdk button.ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button.ot-sdk-button-primary,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary{color:#fff;background-color:#33c3f0;border-color:#33c3f0}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk button.ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-banner-sdk button.ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk button.ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk button.ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button.ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary:hover,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-button.ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button.ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=submit].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=reset].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=button].ot-sdk-button-primary:focus{color:#fff;background-color:#1eaedb;border-color:#1eaedb}#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=text],#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=text],#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=text]{height:38px;padding:6px 10px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #d1d1d1;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:none;box-sizing:border-box}#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=text],#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=text],#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=text]{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=text]:focus,#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=text]:focus,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=text]:focus{border:1px solid #000;outline:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk label,#onetrust-pc-sdk label,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy label{display:block;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-weight:600}#onetrust-banner-sdk input[type=checkbox],#onetrust-pc-sdk input[type=checkbox],#ot-sdk-cookie-policy input[type=checkbox]{display:inline}#onetrust-banner-sdk ul,#onetrust-pc-sdk ul,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy ul{list-style:circle inside}#onetrust-banner-sdk ul,#onetrust-pc-sdk ul,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy ul{padding-left:0;margin-top:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk ul ul,#onetrust-pc-sdk ul ul,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy ul ul{margin:1.5rem 0 1.5rem 3rem;font-size:90%}#onetrust-banner-sdk li,#onetrust-pc-sdk li,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy li{margin-bottom:1rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk th,#onetrust-banner-sdk td,#onetrust-pc-sdk th,#onetrust-pc-sdk td,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy th,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy td{padding:12px 15px;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1}#onetrust-banner-sdk button,#onetrust-pc-sdk button,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy button{margin-bottom:1rem;font-family:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-container:after,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-row:after,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-container:after,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-row:after,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-container:after,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-row:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-sdk-row,#onetrust-pc-sdk .ot-sdk-row,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-row{margin:0;max-width:none;display:block}#onetrust-banner-sdk{box-shadow:0 0 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}#onetrust-banner-sdk.otFlat{position:fixed;z-index:2147483645;bottom:0;right:0;left:0;background-color:#fff;max-height:90%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto}#onetrust-banner-sdk.otFlat.top{top:0px;bottom:auto}#onetrust-banner-sdk.otRelFont{font-size:1rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk>.ot-sdk-container{overflow:hidden}#onetrust-banner-sdk::-webkit-scrollbar{width:11px}#onetrust-banner-sdk::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:10px;background:#c1c1c1}#onetrust-banner-sdk{scrollbar-arrow-color:#c1c1c1;scrollbar-darkshadow-color:#c1c1c1;scrollbar-face-color:#c1c1c1;scrollbar-shadow-color:#c1c1c1}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy{margin:1.25em 0 .625em 2em;overflow:hidden}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy .ot-gv-list-handler{float:left;font-size:.82em;padding:0;margin-bottom:0;border:0;line-height:normal;height:auto;width:auto}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-title{font-size:1.2em;line-height:1.3;margin-bottom:10px}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-text{clear:both;text-align:left;font-size:.88em;line-height:1.4}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-text *{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-text a{font-weight:bold;margin-left:5px}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-title,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-text{color:dimgray;float:left}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group-parent{min-height:1px;text-align:center}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group{display:inline-block}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-reject-all-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler{background-color:#68b631;color:#fff;border-color:#68b631;margin-right:1em;min-width:125px;height:auto;white-space:normal;word-break:break-word;word-wrap:break-word;padding:12px 10px;line-height:1.2;font-size:.813em;font-weight:600}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler.cookie-setting-link{background-color:#fff;border:none;color:#68b631;text-decoration:underline;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk .onetrust-close-btn-ui{width:44px;height:44px;background-size:12px;border:none;position:relative;margin:auto;padding:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner_logo{display:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-bnr-w-logo .ot-bnr-logo{position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);left:0px}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-bnr-w-logo #onetrust-policy{margin-left:65px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-b-addl-desc{clear:both;float:left;display:block}#onetrust-banner-sdk #banner-options{float:left;display:table;margin-right:0;margin-left:1em;width:calc(100% - 1em)}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-input{cursor:pointer;width:auto;height:auto;border:none;padding:0;padding-right:3px;margin:0 0 10px;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.4}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-input *{pointer-events:none;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-input[aria-expanded=true]~.banner-option-details{display:block;height:auto}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-input[aria-expanded=true] .ot-arrow-container{transform:rotate(90deg)}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option{margin-bottom:12px;margin-left:0;border:none;float:left;padding:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option:first-child{padding-left:2px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option:not(:first-child){padding:0;border:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-header{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-header :first-child{color:dimgray;font-weight:bold;float:left}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-header .ot-arrow-container{display:inline-block;border-top:6px solid rgba(0,0,0,0);border-bottom:6px solid rgba(0,0,0,0);border-left:6px solid dimgray;margin-left:10px;vertical-align:middle}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-details{display:none;font-size:.83em;line-height:1.5;padding:10px 0px 5px 10px;margin-right:10px;height:0px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-details *{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;color:dimgray}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-arrow-container,#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-details{transition:all 300ms ease-in 0s;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease-in 0s;-moz-transition:all 300ms ease-in 0s;-o-transition:all 300ms ease-in 0s}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-container{float:left}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-title{margin-bottom:10px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-title,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-desc{font-size:.88em;line-height:1.4;color:dimgray}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-title *,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-desc *{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-policy-text *{margin-bottom:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 .onetrust-vendors-list-handler{display:block;margin-left:0;margin-top:5px;clear:both;margin-bottom:0;padding:0;border:0;height:auto;width:auto}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group button{display:block}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-close-btn-link{padding-top:25px}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-close-btn-link #onetrust-close-btn-container{top:15px;transform:none;right:15px}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-close-btn-link #onetrust-close-btn-container button{padding:0;white-space:pre-wrap;border:none;height:auto;line-height:1.5;text-decoration:underline;font-size:.69em}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-text,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-desc,#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-b-addl-desc{font-size:.813em;line-height:1.5}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-desc{margin-bottom:10px}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-dpd-desc>.ot-b-addl-desc{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:1em}@media only screen and (max-width: 425px){#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-close-btn-container{position:absolute;top:6px;right:2px}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy{margin-left:0;margin-top:3em}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group{display:block}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-reject-all-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler{width:100%}#onetrust-banner-sdk .onetrust-close-btn-ui{top:auto;transform:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy-title{display:inline;float:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk #banner-options{margin:0;padding:0;width:100%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 426px)and (max-width: 896px){#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-close-btn-container{position:absolute;top:0;right:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy{margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em}#onetrust-banner-sdk .onetrust-close-btn-ui{top:10px;right:10px}#onetrust-banner-sdk:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-group-container{width:95%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-group-container{width:100%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-bnr-w-logo #onetrust-button-group-parent{padding-left:50px}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group-parent{width:100%;position:relative;margin-left:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group button{display:inline-block}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group{margin-right:0;text-align:center}#onetrust-banner-sdk .has-reject-all-button #onetrust-pc-btn-handler{float:left}#onetrust-banner-sdk .has-reject-all-button #onetrust-reject-all-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk .has-reject-all-button #onetrust-accept-btn-handler{float:right}#onetrust-banner-sdk .has-reject-all-button #onetrust-button-group{width:calc(100% - 2em);margin-right:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk .has-reject-all-button #onetrust-pc-btn-handler.cookie-setting-link{padding-left:0px;text-align:left}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw .ot-sdk-three button{width:100%;text-align:center}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw #onetrust-button-group-parent button{float:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw #onetrust-pc-btn-handler.cookie-setting-link{text-align:center}}@media only screen and (min-width: 550px){#onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option:not(:first-child){border-left:1px solid #d8d8d8;padding-left:25px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 425px)and (max-width: 550px){#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-policy,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 .banner-option{width:100%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group #onetrust-reject-all-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group #onetrust-pc-btn-handler{width:100%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group #onetrust-reject-all-handler{float:left}}@media only screen and (min-width: 769px){#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group{margin-right:30%}#onetrust-banner-sdk #banner-options{margin-left:2em;margin-right:5em;margin-bottom:1.25em;width:calc(100% - 7em)}}@media only screen and (min-width: 897px)and (max-width: 1023px){#onetrust-banner-sdk.vertical-align-content #onetrust-button-group-parent{position:absolute;top:50%;left:75%;transform:translateY(-50%)}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-close-btn-container{top:50%;margin:auto;transform:translate(-50%, -50%);position:absolute;padding:0;right:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-close-btn-container button{position:relative;margin:0;right:-22px;top:2px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 1024px){#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-close-btn-container{top:50%;margin:auto;transform:translate(-50%, -50%);position:absolute;right:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-close-btn-container button{right:-12px}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-policy{margin-left:2em}#onetrust-banner-sdk.vertical-align-content #onetrust-button-group-parent{position:absolute;top:50%;left:60%;transform:translateY(-50%)}#onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-optout-signal{width:50%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-policy-title{width:50%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-policy-text,#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 :not(.ot-dpd-desc)>.ot-b-addl-desc{margin-bottom:1em;width:50%;border-right:1px solid #d8d8d8;padding-right:1rem}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-policy-text{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:1em}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 :not(.ot-dpd-desc)>.ot-b-addl-desc{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:1em}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 .ot-dpd-container{width:45%;padding-left:1rem;display:inline-block;float:none}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 .ot-dpd-title{line-height:1.7}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group-parent{left:auto;right:4%;margin-left:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-iab-2 #onetrust-button-group button{display:block}#onetrust-banner-sdk:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-button-group-parent{margin:auto;width:30%}#onetrust-banner-sdk:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-group-container{width:60%}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-button-group{margin-right:auto}#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-reject-all-handler,#onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler{margin-top:1em}}@media only screen and (min-width: 890px){#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-button-group-parent{padding-left:3%;padding-right:4%;margin-left:0}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-button-group{margin-right:0;margin-top:1.25em;width:100%}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-button-group button{width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:5px}#onetrust-banner-sdk.ot-buttons-fw:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-button-group button:last-of-type{margin-bottom:20px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 1280px){#onetrust-banner-sdk:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-group-container{width:55%}#onetrust-banner-sdk:not(.ot-iab-2) #onetrust-button-group-parent{width:44%;padding-left:2%;padding-right:2%}#onetrust-banner-sdk:not(.ot-iab-2).vertical-align-content #onetrust-button-group-parent{position:absolute;left:55%}}
        #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk {background-color: #FFFFFF;}
            #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-policy-title,
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-policy-text,
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-b-addl-desc,
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-dpd-desc,
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-dpd-title,
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-policy-text *:not(.onetrust-vendors-list-handler),
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk .ot-dpd-desc *:not(.onetrust-vendors-list-handler),
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk #banner-options *,
                    #onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-cat-header,
                    #onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-optout-signal
                    {
                        color: #696969;
                    }
            #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk .banner-option-details {
                    background-color: #E9E9E9;}
             #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk a[href],
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk a[href] font,
                    #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk .ot-link-btn
                        {
                            color: #3860BE;
                        }#onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-accept-btn-handler,
                         #onetrust-banner-sdk #onetrust-reject-all-handler {
                            background-color: #346E4A;border-color: #346E4A;
                color: #FFFFFF;
            }
            #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk *:focus,
            #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-banner-sdk:focus {
               outline-color: #000000;
               outline-width: 1px;
            }
            #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler,
            #onetrust-consent-sdk #onetrust-pc-btn-handler.cookie-setting-link {
                color: #346E4A; border-color: #346E4A;
                background-color:
                #FFFFFF;
            }.ot-sdk-cookie-policy{font-family:inherit;font-size:16px}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy.otRelFont{font-size:1rem}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy p,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy li,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy th,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-description,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-cookie-policy-group,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-title{color:dimgray}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-description{margin-bottom:1em}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4{font-size:1.2em}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6{font-size:1em;margin-top:2em}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy th{min-width:75px}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a:hover{background:#fff}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy thead{background-color:#f6f6f4;font-weight:bold}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-mobile-border{display:none}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy section{margin-bottom:2em}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table{border-collapse:inherit}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy{font-family:inherit;font-size:1rem}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h4,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy p,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy li,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy th,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-description,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-cookie-policy-group,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-title{color:dimgray}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-description{margin-bottom:1em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-subgroup{margin-left:1.5em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-description,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-cookie-policy-group-desc,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-table-header,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy span,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td{font-size:.9em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td span,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td a{font-size:inherit}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-cookie-policy-group{font-size:1em;margin-bottom:.6em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-cookie-policy-title{margin-bottom:1.2em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy>section{margin-bottom:1em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy th{min-width:75px}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a:hover{background:#fff}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy thead{background-color:#f6f6f4;font-weight:bold}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-mobile-border{display:none}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy section{margin-bottom:2em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-subgroup ul li{list-style:disc;margin-left:1.5em}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-subgroup ul li h4{display:inline-block}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table{border-collapse:inherit;margin:auto;border:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-radius:5px;border-spacing:initial;width:100%;overflow:hidden}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table th,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table td{border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:1px solid #d7d7d7}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0px}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table tr th:last-child,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table tr td:last-child{border-right:0px}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table .ot-host,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table .ot-cookies-type{width:25%}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy[dir=rtl]{text-align:left}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy h3{font-size:1.5em}@media only screen and (max-width: 530px){.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) table,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) thead,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) tbody,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) th,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) td,.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) tr{display:block}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) thead tr{position:absolute;top:-9999px;left:-9999px}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) tr{margin:0 0 1em 0}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) tr:nth-child(odd),.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) tr:nth-child(odd) a{background:#f6f6f4}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) td{border:none;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;position:relative;padding-left:50%}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) td:before{position:absolute;height:100%;left:6px;width:40%;padding-right:10px}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) .ot-mobile-border{display:inline-block;background-color:#e4e4e4;position:absolute;height:100%;top:0;left:45%;width:2px}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) td:before{content:attr(data-label);font-weight:bold}.ot-sdk-cookie-policy:not(#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2) li{word-break:break-word;word-wrap:break-word}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table{overflow:hidden}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table td{border:none;border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy thead,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy tbody,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy th,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy tr{display:block}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table .ot-host,#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table .ot-cookies-type{width:auto}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy tr{margin:0 0 1em 0}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td:before{height:100%;width:40%;padding-right:10px}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td:before{content:attr(data-label);font-weight:bold}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy li{word-break:break-word;word-wrap:break-word}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy thead tr{position:absolute;top:-9999px;left:-9999px;z-index:-9999}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table tr:last-child td{border-bottom:1px solid #d7d7d7;border-right:0px}#ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table tr:last-child td:last-child{border-bottom:0px}}
                
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h5,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy h6,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy li,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy p,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy a,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy span,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy td,
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-description {
                        color: #696969;
                    }
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy th {
                        color: #696969;
                    }
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy .ot-sdk-cookie-policy-group {
                        color: #696969;
                    }
                    
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy #cookie-policy-title {
                            color: #696969;
                        }
                    
            
                    #ot-sdk-cookie-policy-v2.ot-sdk-cookie-policy table th {
                            background-color: #F8F8F8;
                        }
                    
            .ot-floating-button__front{background-image:url('https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/f25d1283-339b-438f-9445-922b74e13939/a2995b23-a3b7-4400-a6a7-e154d3051633/87f329ff-1f5d-4200-a97c-d7e067061e91/Shield_with_check_(1).png')}</style><script src="https://bat.bing.com/p/action/211047010.js" type="text/javascript" async="" data-ueto="ueto_113373d1a3"></script><script src="https://tag.wknd.ai/6044/i.js" async=""></script><script src="//assets.bounceexchange.com/assets/smart-tag/versioned/onsite-v2_abbdf7a49be9b52b097917b7b527b262.br.js" async="" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="//assets.bounceexchange.com/assets/smart-tag/versioned/ads-v2_7b352b1295e35e9c90089d9dd48e488f.br.js" async="" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="https://assets.bounceexchange.com/assets/bounce/jquery-3.7.1.min.js" async=""></script></head>

<body class="hsw-page theme-hsw pt-14 md:pt-0 leaderboard-sticky people   cid-945307 interior editorial-content  editorial single-page"><a href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" rel="nofollow" style="opacity: 0.01; position: absolute; z-index: -999; width: 54px; height: 22px;">___</a><div style="opacity: 0.01; position: absolute; z-index: -1000; width: 54px; height: 22px;"></div>

	<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NXHP8V"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>


			
<div id="header" x-data="{ showMobileMenu : false, showMobileSearch : false, showNewsletterBanner : false, showNewsletterChatbox : false }" class="fixed top-0 w-full md:relative z-1050 print:hidden">
	<header class="bg-royal-blue text-white max-w-full h-14 lg:h-20" data-track-gtm="Header">
		<div class="w-full px-2 md:px-4 lg:px-5 w-max-1600 mx-auto">
			<div class="flex justify-between items-center h-14 lg:h-20">

				<div class="shrink lg:hidden self-center">

					<a class=" text-white hover:text-white focus:text-green" @click.prevent="showMobileMenu = !showMobileMenu" href="#" aria-controls="mobile-nav" :aria-expanded="showMobileMenu.toString()" data-cy="mobile-menu-icon" aria-expanded="false">
						<svg class="fill-current stroke-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="32" height="21" viewBox="0 0 32 21">
							<title>Mobile Menu</title>
						  <defs>
						    <clipPath id="clip-path">
						      <rect width="32" height="21" fill="none"></rect>
						    </clipPath>
						  </defs>
						  <g id="Repeat_Grid_60" data-name="Repeat Grid 60" clip-path="url(#clip-path)">
						    <g transform="translate(-158 -87)">
						      <line id="Line_7" data-name="Line 7" x2="29" transform="translate(159.5 89.5)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></line>
						    </g>
						    <g transform="translate(-158 -79)">
						      <line id="Line_7-2" data-name="Line 7" x2="29" transform="translate(159.5 89.5)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></line>
						    </g>
						    <g transform="translate(-158 -71)">
						      <line id="Line_7-3" data-name="Line 7" x2="29" transform="translate(159.5 89.5)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></line>
						    </g>
						  </g>
						</svg>
					</a>
				</div>

				<div class="text-center px-4 md:text-left lg:px-0">
					<a class="pt-1 text-white hover:text-white" href="//www.howstuffworks.com/" data-track-gtm="Logo">
						<svg class="fill-current w-168 mx-auto lg:w-auto lg:max-w-195 lg:mx-0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 500 90.1" width="195" height="35.139"><title>HowStuffWorks</title><g fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#FFF"><path d="M379.4 51.3c12 0 20.2 7.9 20.2 19.3S391.2 90 379.4 90c-12.1 0-20.3-7.9-20.3-19.3-.1-11.5 8.2-19.4 20.3-19.4zm107.3-.1c4.2-.1 8.3 1.3 11.5 3.9l-4.9 6c-1.6-1.5-3.7-2.3-5.9-2.4-1.9-.2-3.6 1.2-3.8 3 0 1.8.9 2.4 5.6 4.1 8.4 3 10.8 5.6 10.8 11.4 0 7.7-6.2 13-14.8 13-5.2 0-10.1-2.2-13.5-6.1l5.2-6.2c2 2.6 5.1 4.1 8.4 4.3 2.3.2 4.3-1.5 4.5-3.8v-.1c0-2.2-1-2.9-5.5-4.6-8.4-3.1-10.3-5.1-10.3-10.7 0-7 5.2-11.8 12.7-11.8zm-157.2.3l9.7 22.4 9.6-21.4h11.1l-18.3 37.2H337l-9.6-22.2-9.4 22.2h-4.6l-18.2-37.2h11.1l9.3 21 9.7-22.1 4.2.1zm96.4-.2c1.5 0 2.9.3 4.3.8l-1.4 9.6c-1.4-.9-3-1.3-4.7-1.3-5.8 0-8.6 3.5-8.6 10.9V89h-9.9V52.5h9.9V58c1.8-4.1 5.9-6.7 10.4-6.7zm17.4-25.4v39.9l13.3-13.3H470l-16.6 16 18 20.5h-13.6l-13.4-15.6-1.1 1.1V89h-9.9V26l9.9-.1zm-64 34.6c-5.6-.1-10.3 4.4-10.4 10.1-.1 5.6 4.4 10.3 10.1 10.4 5.6.1 10.3-4.4 10.4-10.1v-.1c0-5.6-4.5-10.2-10.1-10.3zM381.9 0c9.4 0 18.5 5.3 18.5 17.1 0 14.7-14.8 16.3-14.8 26.4v1.8h-11.5v-2.6c0-13.7 14.3-15.2 14.3-25.5.2-3.5-2.5-6.5-6-6.8h-.9c-4.8 0-7.2 3.2-7.2 7.9v1h-11.5C362.9 7.4 370.2 0 381.9 0zM60.5 51.3c12 0 20.2 7.9 20.2 19.3S72.3 90 60.5 90c-12.1 0-20.3-7.9-20.3-19.3-.1-11.5 8.2-19.4 20.3-19.4zm53.9.2l9.7 22.4 9.6-21.4h11.1l-18.4 37.2h-4.6l-9.6-22.2-9.4 22.2h-4.6L80 52.5h11.1l9.3 21 9.7-22.1 4.3.1zM9.9 25.9v31.3c2.4-3.8 6.6-6.1 11.1-5.9 3.9-.1 7.7 1.5 10.3 4.5 2.1 2.5 2.8 5 2.8 10.3V89h-9.9V69c0-6.5-1.9-9-6.8-9-5.1 0-7.5 3.3-7.5 10.3V89H0V26h9.9zm50.5 34.6c-5.6-.1-10.3 4.4-10.4 10.1-.1 5.6 4.4 10.3 10.1 10.4 5.6.1 10.3-4.4 10.4-10.1v-.1c0-5.6-4.5-10.2-10.1-10.3zM160.4 51.2c4.2-.1 8.3 1.3 11.5 3.9l-4.9 6c-1.6-1.5-3.7-2.3-5.9-2.4-1.9-.2-3.6 1.2-3.8 3 0 1.8.9 2.4 5.6 4.1 8.4 3 10.8 5.6 10.8 11.4 0 7.7-6.2 13-14.8 13-5.2 0-10.1-2.2-13.5-6.1l5.2-6.2c2 2.6 5.1 4.1 8.4 4.3 2.3.2 4.3-1.5 4.5-3.8v-.1c0-2.2-1-2.9-5.5-4.6-8.4-3.1-10.3-5.1-10.3-10.7 0-7 5.3-11.8 12.7-11.8zm53.2 1.3v20.6c0 5.5 2.5 8.3 7.2 8.3s7.2-2.9 7.2-8.3V52.5h10v22.3c0 9.8-6.2 15.3-17.2 15.3s-17.1-5.5-17.1-15.3V52.5h9.9zm-22.1-12.4v12.4h7v8.7h-7V89h-9.9V61.3h-3.9v-8.7h3.9V40.1h9.9zm70.2-15.2c1.8 0 3.6.4 5.2 1.3v9.3c-1.4-.9-3-1.3-4.6-1.4-3.3 0-4.6 2.3-4.6 8.2v10.2h9.2v8.7h-9.2V89h-9.9V61.3H244v-8.7h3.8V40.8c0-6.2 1.2-9.5 4.8-12.4 2.5-2.2 5.7-3.4 9.1-3.5zm25.8 0c1.8 0 3.6.4 5.2 1.3v9.3c-1.4-.9-3-1.3-4.6-1.4-3.3 0-4.6 2.3-4.6 8.2v10.2h9.2v8.7h-9.2V89h-9.9V61.3h-3.8v-8.7h3.8V40.8c0-6.2 1.2-9.5 4.8-12.4 2.5-2.2 5.7-3.4 9.1-3.5z"></path></g></svg>
					</a>
				</div><div class="hidden lg:block w-full md:w-11/12 w-max-1600 px-6 print:hidden">
					<nav class="navbar text-white pt-3" data-cy="header-navbar" aria-label="Desktop Menu">
						<div class="pl-2 flex" data-track-gtm="Channel"><a class="pr-4 text-white  hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://science.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Science">Science</a>
							<a class="pr-4 text-white  hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tech" data-text="Tech">Tech</a>
							<a class="pr-4 text-white  hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://home.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Home &amp; Garden">Home &amp; Garden</a>
							<a class="pr-4 text-white  hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Auto">Auto</a>
							<a class="pr-4 text-white font-bold hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/culture" data-text="Culture">Culture</a><div id="header-more-dropdown" class="relative inline-block" x-data="{ open: false }" data-cy="nav-more-dropdown">
								<button type="button" @click="open = true" class="focus:ring-primary inline-flex justify-center w-full" :class="{ 'font-bold' : open }">
								More <span class="inline-block align-middle my-auto ml-2 mr-1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.396" height="13.211" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211" style="width: 14px; height: 9px;"><title>More</title><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke="#f7f7f7" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg></span>
								</button>

								<div x-show="open" @click.away="open = false" class="origin-top-right absolute right-0 mt-2 w-56 border-t-6 border-green z-10" style="display: none;">
									<div class="bg-royal-blue shadow-xs">
										<div class="py-1" role="menu" aria-orientation="vertical" aria-labelledby="header-more-dropdown">
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://health.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Health">Health</a>
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://money.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Money">Money</a>
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://animals.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Animals">Animals</a>
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://lifestyle.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Lifestyle">Lifestyle</a>
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Entertainment">Entertainment</a>
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://play.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Quizzes">Quizzes</a>
											<a class="block text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold px-4 py-2 leading-5 " role="menuitem" href="https://coupons.howstuffworks.com/" data-text="Coupons">Coupons</a>
										</div>
									</div>
								</div>
							</div>

						</div>
					</nav>
				</div><div id="nlcb" class="hidden">
					<div id="nlcb-icon" class="flex-none md:hidden self-center mt-1 mr-3">
						<a class="flex cursor-pointer" @click.prevent="showNewsletterChatbox = !showNewsletterChatbox; cancelTimers(); startDialogue();" href="#" aria-controls="newsletter-chatbox" :aria-expanded="showNewsletterChatbox.toString()" aria-expanded="false">
							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24.259" height="19.261" viewBox="0 0 24.259 19.261">
								<title>Mobile Newsletter</title>
								<defs><style>.nla{fill:none;stroke:#eaeaea;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:1.5px;}</style></defs>
								<g transform="translate(1.029 0.75)">
								<path class="nla" d="M5.22,6H22.981A2.227,2.227,0,0,1,25.2,8.22V21.541a2.227,2.227,0,0,1-2.22,2.22H5.22A2.227,2.227,0,0,1,3,21.541V8.22A2.227,2.227,0,0,1,5.22,6Z" transform="translate(-3 -6)"></path>
								<path class="nla" d="M25.2,9,14.1,15.654,3,9" transform="translate(-3 -6.532)"></path></g>
							</svg>
							<div id="nlcb-dot" class="bg-red invisible rounded-full h-4 w-4 flex items-center justify-center -ml-2 -mt-2">
								<span class="text-white text-xs">1</span>
							</div>
						</a>
					</div>
				</div><div class="text-right">

					<form action="https://s.howstuffworks.com/serp" method="get" class="hidden lg:block mb-0">
						<div class="flex">
							<input id="keywords" name="q" class="focus:ring-primary flex-1 block px-4 py-2 min-w-225 placeholder-gray-dark text-dark-gray transition duration-150 ease-in-out text-sm leading-5" placeholder="Search...">
							<button type="submit" class="inline-flex items-center self-center text-sm bg-green text-white transition-colors duration-300 ease-in-out hover:bg-primary px-3 py-2">
								<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25.537" height="25.543" viewBox="0 0 25.537 25.543">
									<path d="M29.737,28.187l-7.1-7.169A10.121,10.121,0,1,0,21.1,22.575L28.154,29.7a1.093,1.093,0,0,0,1.543.04A1.1,1.1,0,0,0,29.737,28.187ZM14.681,22.661a7.992,7.992,0,1,1,5.653-2.341A7.943,7.943,0,0,1,14.681,22.661Z" transform="translate(-4.5 -4.493)"></path>
								</svg>
								<span class="sr-only">Submit Search</span>
							</button>
						</div>
					</form><a class="lg:hidden text-white hover:text-white focus:text-green" :class="{ 'hidden' : showMobileSearch }" @click.prevent="showMobileSearch = true" href="#" data-cy="mobile-search-open">
						<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25">
						  <path d="M29.737,28.187l-7.1-7.169A10.121,10.121,0,1,0,21.1,22.575L28.154,29.7a1.093,1.093,0,0,0,1.543.04A1.1,1.1,0,0,0,29.737,28.187ZM14.681,22.661a7.992,7.992,0,1,1,5.653-2.341A7.943,7.943,0,0,1,14.681,22.661Z" transform="translate(-4.5 -4.493)"></path>
						</svg>
						<span class="sr-only">Search</span>
					</a><a class="lg:hidden text-white hover:text-white focus:text-green hidden" :class="{ 'hidden' : !showMobileSearch }" @click.prevent="showMobileSearch = false" href="#" data-cy="mobile-search-close">
						<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25">
						  <g transform="translate(-3.375 -3.375)">
							<path d="M23.295,21.705,19.589,18l3.705-3.705a1.124,1.124,0,0,0-1.589-1.589L18,16.411l-3.705-3.705a1.124,1.124,0,0,0-1.589,1.589L16.411,18l-3.705,3.705a1.086,1.086,0,0,0,0,1.589,1.116,1.116,0,0,0,1.589,0L18,19.589l3.705,3.705a1.129,1.129,0,0,0,1.589,0A1.116,1.116,0,0,0,23.295,21.705Z" transform="translate(-2.123 -2.123)"></path>
							<path d="M15.875,5.058a10.813,10.813,0,1,1-7.65,3.167,10.746,10.746,0,0,1,7.65-3.167m0-1.683a12.5,12.5,0,1,0,12.5,12.5,12.5,12.5,0,0,0-12.5-12.5Z"></path>
						  </g>
						</svg>
						<span class="sr-only">Close Search</span>
					</a>

				</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</header><nav :class="{ 'hidden' : !showMobileMenu }" class="bg-dark-blue text-white p-4 text-lg fixed w-full top-14 print:hidden hidden" :aria-expanded="showMobileMenu.toString()" id="mobile-nav" data-cy="mobile-menu" aria-label="Mobile Menu" aria-expanded="false">
		<ul class="list-none border-b border-primary mb-2 pb-2">
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://science.howstuffworks.com/">Science</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tech">Tech</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://home.howstuffworks.com/">Home &amp; Garden</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/">Auto</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/culture">Culture</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://health.howstuffworks.com/">Health</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://money.howstuffworks.com/">Money</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://animals.howstuffworks.com/">Animals</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://lifestyle.howstuffworks.com/">Lifestyle</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/">Entertainment</a></li>
		</ul>
		<ul class="list-none">
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://play.howstuffworks.com/">Quizzes</a></li>
			<li class="my-2"><a class="text-white hover:text-white hover:font-bold" href="https://coupons.howstuffworks.com/">Coupons</a></li>
		</ul>
	</nav><div :class="{ 'hidden' : !showMobileSearch }" class="bg-dark-blue text-white p-4 fixed w-full top-14 hidden">
		<form action="https://s.howstuffworks.com/serp" method="get">
			<div class="flex">
				<input id="keywords-mobile" name="q" class="focus:ring-primary flex-1 block px-4 py-2 w-full placeholder-gray-dark text-dark-gray transition duration-150 ease-in-out sm:text-sm sm:leading-5" placeholder="Search...">
				<button type="submit" class="inline-flex items-center self-center text-sm bg-green text-white px-3 py-2">
					<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25.537" height="25.543" viewBox="0 0 25.537 25.543">
						<path d="M29.737,28.187l-7.1-7.169A10.121,10.121,0,1,0,21.1,22.575L28.154,29.7a1.093,1.093,0,0,0,1.543.04A1.1,1.1,0,0,0,29.737,28.187ZM14.681,22.661a7.992,7.992,0,1,1,5.653-2.341A7.943,7.943,0,0,1,14.681,22.661Z" transform="translate(-4.5 -4.493)"></path>
					</svg>
					<span class="sr-only">Submit Search</span>
				</button>
			</div>
		</form>
	</div><div id="nlcb-banner" class="hidden relative flex-col items-center mt-11 group" data-cy="mobile-newsletter-banner">
		<div class="absolute bottom-0 flex flex-col items-center group-hover:flex bg-primary w-full">
			<div class="w-5 h-5 -mt-2 self-end mr-16 rotate-45 transform bg-primary"></div>
			<div class="relative z-10 p-2 -mt-2 mb-2 text-lg font-bold leading-none text-white whitespace-no-wrap">
				<a id="nlcb-banner-opencb" @click.prevent="showNewsletterChatbox = true; startDialogue();" class="text-white hover:text-white" href="#">Sign up for our Newsletter!</a>
			</div>
			<div class="absolute top-1/4 right-5">
				<a id="nlcb-banner-close" class="text-white hover:text-white" href="#">
					<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
						<title>Mobile Newsletter banner close</title>
						<defs><style>.nlb{fill:#fff;}</style></defs>
						<g transform="translate(-3.375 -3.375)">
							<path class="nlb" d="M19.93,18.828l-2.565-2.565L19.93,13.7a.778.778,0,0,0-1.1-1.1l-2.565,2.565L13.7,12.6a.778.778,0,0,0-1.1,1.1l2.565,2.565L12.6,18.828a.752.752,0,0,0,0,1.1.773.773,0,0,0,1.1,0l2.565-2.565,2.565,2.565a.782.782,0,0,0,1.1,0A.773.773,0,0,0,19.93,18.828Z" transform="translate(-2.889 -2.888)"></path>
							<path class="nlb" d="M13.375,4.721a8.65,8.65,0,1,1-6.12,2.534,8.6,8.6,0,0,1,6.12-2.534m0-1.346a10,10,0,1,0,10,10,10,10,0,0,0-10-10Z"></path>
						</g>
					</svg>
				</a>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div><div id="newsletter-chatbox" :class="{ 'hidden' : !showNewsletterChatbox }" x-init="initNewsletterChatbox($dispatch)" class="print:hidden hidden" :aria-expanded="showNewsletterChatbox.toString()" aria-expanded="false">
	<div class="flex items-end justify-center pt-0 px-4 pb-20 sm:block sm:p-0">
		<div x-description="Background overlay, show/hide based on chatbox state." x-transition:enter="ease-out duration-300" x-transition:enter-start="opacity-0" x-transition:enter-end="opacity-100" x-transition:leave="ease-in duration-200" x-transition:leave-start="opacity-100" x-transition:leave-end="opacity-0" class="fixed inset-0 bg-black bg-opacity-75 transition-opacity">
		</div><span class="hidden sm:inline-block sm:align-middle sm:h-screen" aria-hidden="true"></span>

		<div class="inline-block left-0 mt-0 mx-auto w-11/12 rounded-lg shadow transform transition-all">
			<div class="bg-blue p-2 text-white font-bold text-md rounded-t-lg">
				<div class="flex items-center justify-items-center justify-between">
					<div class="justify-self-start"><img src="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/hsw-avatar-sm.png" width="29px"></div>
					<div class="whitespace-nowrap">HowStuffWorks Newsletter</div>
					<div class="justify-self-end">
						<svg @click="showNewsletterChatbox = false; document.getElementById('nlcb-dot').classList.add('invisible');" class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25">
							<title>Mobile Newsletter chat close</title>
							<g transform="translate(-3.375 -3.375)">
							<path d="M23.295,21.705,19.589,18l3.705-3.705a1.124,1.124,0,0,0-1.589-1.589L18,16.411l-3.705-3.705a1.124,1.124,0,0,0-1.589,1.589L16.411,18l-3.705,3.705a1.086,1.086,0,0,0,0,1.589,1.116,1.116,0,0,0,1.589,0L18,19.589l3.705,3.705a1.129,1.129,0,0,0,1.589,0A1.116,1.116,0,0,0,23.295,21.705Z" transform="translate(-2.123 -2.123)"></path>
							<path d="M15.875,5.058a10.813,10.813,0,1,1-7.65,3.167,10.746,10.746,0,0,1,7.65-3.167m0-1.683a12.5,12.5,0,1,0,12.5,12.5,12.5,12.5,0,0,0-12.5-12.5Z"></path>
							</g>
						</svg>
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="bg-gray-light text-gray-darkest min-h-24">
				<div class="px-2 py-3">
										<div id="cbc-0" class=" items-start  hidden">
						<div class="pr-3 flex-none"><img src="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/hsw-avatar-sm.png" width="40" height="40"></div>
						<div id="cbt-0" class="flex rounded-xl p-2 shadow bg-white">
							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="8" viewBox="0 0 28 8">
								<title>Mobile Newsletter chat dots</title>
								<defs><style>.nlda{fill:#c0c1c5;}.nldb{fill:#939197;}</style></defs>
								<g transform="translate(-83 -81)">
									<circle class="nlda" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(83 81)"></circle>
									<circle class="nlda" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(103 81)"></circle>
									<circle class="nldb" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(93 81)"></circle>
								</g>
							</svg>
						</div>
					</div>
										<div id="cbc-1" class=" items-start mt-3 hidden">
						<div class="pr-3 flex-none"><img src="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/hsw-avatar-sm.png" width="40" height="40"></div>
						<div id="cbt-1" class="flex rounded-xl p-2 shadow bg-white">
							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="8" viewBox="0 0 28 8">
								<title>Mobile Newsletter chat dots</title>
								<defs><style>.nlda{fill:#c0c1c5;}.nldb{fill:#939197;}</style></defs>
								<g transform="translate(-83 -81)">
									<circle class="nlda" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(83 81)"></circle>
									<circle class="nlda" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(103 81)"></circle>
									<circle class="nldb" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(93 81)"></circle>
								</g>
							</svg>
						</div>
					</div>
										<div id="cbc-2" class=" items-start mt-3 hidden">
						<div class="pr-3 flex-none"><img src="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/hsw-avatar-sm.png" width="40" height="40"></div>
						<div id="cbt-2" class="flex rounded-xl p-2 shadow bg-white">
							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="8" viewBox="0 0 28 8">
								<title>Mobile Newsletter chat dots</title>
								<defs><style>.nlda{fill:#c0c1c5;}.nldb{fill:#939197;}</style></defs>
								<g transform="translate(-83 -81)">
									<circle class="nlda" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(83 81)"></circle>
									<circle class="nlda" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(103 81)"></circle>
									<circle class="nldb" cx="4" cy="4" r="4" transform="translate(93 81)"></circle>
								</g>
							</svg>
						</div>
					</div>
										<div id="cbc-3" class="mt-3 hidden items-start justify-end">
						<div id="cbt-3" class="rounded-2xl p-2 shadow bg-light-blue text-white"></div>
						<div class="pl-3 flex-none">
							<div class="bg-primary rounded-2xl">
								<svg class="p-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 22.045 25.917">
									<title>Mobile Newsletter chat avatar</title>
									<defs><style>.nluser{fill:#fff;}</style></defs>
									<path class="nluser" d="M142.589,13.965h.172a4.952,4.952,0,0,0,3.784-1.637c2.066-2.329,1.723-6.322,1.685-6.7-.134-2.861-1.487-4.229-2.6-4.868A5.967,5.967,0,0,0,142.739,0h-.091a5.976,5.976,0,0,0-2.887.735c-1.127.639-2.5,2.007-2.635,4.889-.038.381-.381,4.374,1.685,6.7A4.932,4.932,0,0,0,142.589,13.965Zm-4.031-8.206c0-.016.005-.032.005-.043.177-3.848,2.909-4.261,4.079-4.261h.064c1.449.032,3.913.623,4.079,4.261a.1.1,0,0,0,.005.043c.005.038.381,3.687-1.326,5.608a3.518,3.518,0,0,1-2.764,1.149h-.054a3.506,3.506,0,0,1-2.759-1.149C138.188,9.457,138.553,5.791,138.559,5.759Z" transform="translate(-131.661)"></path>
									<path class="nluser" d="M58.116,265.918V265.9c0-.043-.005-.086-.005-.134-.032-1.063-.1-3.548-2.431-4.342l-.054-.016a15.488,15.488,0,0,1-4.455-2.029.724.724,0,1,0-.832,1.186,16.715,16.715,0,0,0,4.9,2.238c1.25.445,1.39,1.782,1.428,3.005a1.077,1.077,0,0,0,.005.134,9.742,9.742,0,0,1-.113,1.658,19.752,19.752,0,0,1-9.462,2.2,19.865,19.865,0,0,1-9.467-2.206,9.222,9.222,0,0,1-.113-1.658c0-.043.005-.086.005-.134.038-1.224.177-2.56,1.428-3.005a16.872,16.872,0,0,0,4.9-2.238.724.724,0,1,0-.832-1.186,15.315,15.315,0,0,1-4.455,2.029c-.021.005-.038.011-.054.016-2.329.8-2.4,3.285-2.431,4.342a1.078,1.078,0,0,1-.005.134v.016a8.23,8.23,0,0,0,.274,2.431.688.688,0,0,0,.279.338A20.3,20.3,0,0,0,47.1,271.248a20.361,20.361,0,0,0,10.476-2.565.718.718,0,0,0,.279-.338A8.635,8.635,0,0,0,58.116,265.918Z" transform="translate(-36.073 -245.331)"></path>
								</svg>
							</div>
						</div>
					</div>
					<div id="cbc-4" class="items-start mt-3 hidden">
						<div class="pr-3 flex-none"><img src="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/hsw-avatar-sm.png" width="40" height="40"></div>
						<div id="chatbox-success" class="flex rounded-xl p-2 shadow bg-white"></div>
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="bg-white border border-gray-light rounded-b-lg">
				<form id="chatbox-form">
					<input type="hidden" name="formloc" value="Chatbox">
					<input type="hidden" name="c" x-data="{ c : userData.country }" :value="c" value="ES">
					<div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true"><input name="website" type="text" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" value=""></div>
					<div class="p-1 flex items-center">
						<input type="email" value="" name="email" placeholder="Enter your email" class="w-5/6 text-md p-3 placeholder-gray-dark text-gray-darkest focus:outline-none required">
						<button id="chatbox-subscribe" class="p-1 m-2 text-green">
							<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="26.833" height="23" viewBox="0 0 26.833 23">
								<title>Mobile Newsletter chat subscribe</title>
								<path d="M3.013,27.5,29.833,16,3.013,4.5,3,13.444,22.167,16,3,18.556Z" transform="translate(-3 -4.5)"></path>
							</svg>
						</button>
					</div>
				</form>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>
</div>
	

				<div class="print:hidden md:hidden fixed bottom-0 left-0 right-0 bg-light-gray h-50 z-999">

		<div id="ad-wrap-mobadhesion" class="print:hidden md:hidden "><div id="ad-div-mobadhesion" class="ad-tag text-center"></div></div>
</div>
			
	
	<main>
							<div class="hidden print:hidden leaderboard-banner lg:block bg-primary max-w-full text-center text-white text-xs py-2">
			

			<script>
	(function () {
		var mw = 1024;
		if (!dfpSettings.isMobile && HSW.utilities.getViewportWidth() < mw) {
			var el = document.getElementById('ad-wrap-bannerTop');
			var d  = el.previousElementSibling;
			el.parentNode.removeChild(el);
			if (d.classList.contains('ad-disclaimer')) {
				d.parentNode.removeChild(d);
			}
		}
	})();
	</script>
	
			</div>
			

			<div class="w-full md:w-11/12 w-max-1200 mx-auto px-4 pt-4 md:pt-6" id="page" data-track-gtm="Page">


					<nav aria-label="Breadcrumb Links">
	<div class="flex items-center divider mb-3 xl:mb-4 overflow-x-scroll md:overflow-x-visible" data-track-gtm="Breadcrumbs">
		<div itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="flex flex-nowrap">
			<div itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="hidden print:block md:block breadcrumb-item mr-8 relative whitespace-nowrap">
				<a class="text-primary hover:text-royal-blue" itemprop="item" href="https://www.howstuffworks.com/"><span itemprop="name"> HowStuffWorks</span></a>
				<meta itemprop="position" content="1">
			</div>
			<div itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class=" breadcrumb-item mr-8 relative whitespace-nowrap">
				<a class="text-primary hover:text-royal-blue" itemprop="item" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/culture"><span itemprop="name"> Culture</span></a>
				<meta itemprop="position" content="2">
			</div>
			<div itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class=" breadcrumb-item mr-8 relative whitespace-nowrap">
				<a class="text-primary hover:text-royal-blue" itemprop="item" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/"><span itemprop="name"> People</span></a>
				<meta itemprop="position" content="3">
			</div>
			<div itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class=" breadcrumb-item mr-8 relative whitespace-nowrap">
				<a class="text-primary hover:text-royal-blue" itemprop="item" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/government-channel.htm"><span itemprop="name"> Government</span></a>
				<meta itemprop="position" content="4">
			</div>
			<div itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class=" breadcrumb-item mr-8 relative whitespace-nowrap">
				<a class="text-primary hover:text-royal-blue" itemprop="item" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/political-issues-channel.htm"><span itemprop="name"> Political Issues</span></a>
				<meta itemprop="position" content="5">
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</nav>		
		

			<div id="fb-root"></div>
	


		
		<div class="md:flex md:flex-nowrap">

			<div id="content-well" class="relative w-full md:flex-1 md:w-auto md:pr-10 col-main " data-track-gtm="Body">

								<div class="page-title flex flex-rows items-center mb-4"><h1 class="flex-grow font-headline text-3xl md:text-5xl text-royal-blue leading-tighter">What Are the Three Branches of U.S. Government and How Do They Work Together?</h1>
									</div>
				
				<div class="mb-4">
					
	<div class="mb-4 w-100 flex justify-between">
		<div>
					By: <a class="text-primary" data-track-gtm="Byline" href="https://www.howstuffworks.com/about-patrick-j-kiger.htm">Patrick J. Kiger</a>
										
				</div>
			</div>

	<div class="bg-theme-gradient w-100 h-4px mb-4"></div>

										
<script>
function contentShare(e){return{get emailBody(){let e=document.getElementById("share-email-template").innerHTML;var t={url:Alpine.store("share").url,title:Alpine.store("share").title};return encodeURIComponent(function(e,t){for(const n in e){var r=new RegExp("<% "+n+" %>","g");t=t.replace(r,e[n])}return t}(t,e)).replace(/amp%3B/g,"")}}}document.addEventListener("alpine:init",()=>{Alpine.store("share",{url:location.href+"?utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=hsw_share",title:pageMetricsData.title,image:pageMetricsData.image,site:document.querySelector("meta[property='og:site_name']").getAttribute("content")})});
</script><div id="share-float" x-data="contentShare()" x-init="this.id = 'left'" class="sticky top-5 print:hidden">
	<div class="relative xs:hidden">
		<div id="share-bar-left" class="absolute -left-12">
			<ul class="flex flex-col justify-between md:flex-nowrap md:justify-start">
								<li class="mt-6">
					<a target="_blank" class="share-facebook text-accent-1 hover:text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="Facebook" :href="'https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.url) + '%26utm_source%3Dfacebook'" title="Share Content on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm%3Futm_medium%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Dhsw_share%26utm_source%3Dfacebook">
						<svg class="fill-current opacity-53 hover:opacity-100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.299" height="27.47" viewBox="0 0 28.299 27.47" aria-labelledby="shareFacebookTitle" role="img">
							<title id="shareFacebookTitle">Share Content on Facebook</title>
							<path id="facebook-icon" d="M28.3,13.819A13.987,13.987,0,0,0,14.149,0,13.987,13.987,0,0,0,0,13.819,13.927,13.927,0,0,0,11.939,27.47V17.813H8.346V13.819h3.593V10.774c0-3.463,2.112-5.376,5.344-5.376a22.265,22.265,0,0,1,3.167.27v3.4H18.666a2.021,2.021,0,0,0-2.306,2.158v2.592h3.924l-.627,3.995h-3.3V27.47A13.927,13.927,0,0,0,28.3,13.819Z"></path>
						</svg>
					</a>
				</li>
						<li class="mt-6">
					<a target="_blank" class="share-linkedin text-accent-1 hover:text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="LinkedIn" :href="'https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.url) + '%26utm_source%3Dlinkedin&amp;title=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.title)" title="Share Content on LinkedIn" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm%3Futm_medium%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Dhsw_share%26utm_source%3Dlinkedin&amp;title=What%20Are%20the%20Three%20Branches%20of%20U.S.%20Government%20and%20How%20Do%20They%20Work%20Together%3F">
						<svg class="fill-current opacity-53 hover:opacity-100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.301" height="27.64" viewBox="0 0 28.301 27.64" aria-labelledby="shareLinkedInTitle" role="img">
							<title id="shareLinkedInTitle">Share Content on LinkedIn</title>
							<path id="linkedin-icon" d="M24.111,23.554H19.92V17.14c0-1.529-.032-3.5-2.184-3.5-2.185,0-2.519,1.664-2.519,3.385v6.526H11.027V10.365h4.026v1.8h.054a4.437,4.437,0,0,1,3.974-2.131c4.246,0,5.032,2.729,5.032,6.282v7.239ZM6.293,8.56A2.378,2.378,0,1,1,8.727,6.182,2.4,2.4,0,0,1,6.293,8.56Zm2.1,14.993h-4.2V10.365h4.2ZM26.208,0H2.088A2.041,2.041,0,0,0,0,1.991V25.649A2.04,2.04,0,0,0,2.088,27.64H26.2a2.048,2.048,0,0,0,2.1-1.991V1.991A2.049,2.049,0,0,0,26.2,0Z"></path>
						</svg>
					</a>
				</li>
				<li class="mt-6">
					<a target="_blank" class="share-flipboard text-accent-1 hover:text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="Flipboard" :href="'https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?url=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.url)  + '%26utm_source%3Dflipboard&amp;title=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.title)" title="Share Content on Flipboard" href="https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm%3Futm_medium%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Dhsw_share%26utm_source%3Dflipboard&amp;title=What%20Are%20the%20Three%20Branches%20of%20U.S.%20Government%20and%20How%20Do%20They%20Work%20Together%3F">
						<svg class="fill-current opacity-53 hover:opacity-100 " xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.299" height="28.299" viewBox="0 0 28.299 28.299" aria-labelledby="shareFlipboardTitle" role="img">
							<title id="shareFlipboardTitle">Share Content on Flipboard</title>
							<path id="flipboard-icon" d="M0,0V28.3H28.3V0ZM22.639,11.32h-5.66v5.66H11.32v5.66H5.66V5.66H22.639Z"></path>
						</svg>
					</a>
				</li>
				<li class="mt-6">
					<a target="_blank" class="share-reddit text-accent-1 hover:text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="Reddit" :href="'https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.url) + '%26utm_source%3Dreddit&amp;title=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.title)" title="Share Content on Reddit" href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm%3Futm_medium%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Dhsw_share%26utm_source%3Dreddit&amp;title=What%20Are%20the%20Three%20Branches%20of%20U.S.%20Government%20and%20How%20Do%20They%20Work%20Together%3F">
						<svg class="fill-current opacity-53 hover:opacity-100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.3" height="28.3" viewBox="0 0 28.3 28.3" aria-labelledby="shareRedditTitle" role="img">
							<title id="shareRedditTitle">Share Content on Reddit</title>
							<g id="reddit-Icon" transform="translate(-0.617 -0.617)">
								<circle id="Ellipse_6" cx="14.15" cy="14.15" r="14.15" transform="translate(0.617 0.617)"></circle>
								<path id="Path_98" d="M25.344,17.9a.477.477,0,0,1,.568-.359l3.9.862a1.542,1.542,0,1,1-.162.862l-3.532-.783-1.2,5.15a11.116,11.116,0,0,1,6.4,2.119,2.269,2.269,0,0,1,3.482.274,2.218,2.218,0,0,1,.121.215,2.354,2.354,0,0,1-1.059,3.149,5.5,5.5,0,0,1-2.354,5.15,11.652,11.652,0,0,1-6.957,2.1,11.646,11.646,0,0,1-6.957-2.1,5.5,5.5,0,0,1-2.354-5.15,2.216,2.216,0,0,1-.215-.121,2.354,2.354,0,0,1-.724-3.237,2.434,2.434,0,0,1,.265-.312,2.278,2.278,0,0,1,3.217.032,11.119,11.119,0,0,1,6.236-2.116Zm1.292,11.007a1.557,1.557,0,1,0,.456-1.1A1.56,1.56,0,0,0,26.636,28.909Zm1.857,4.3a.359.359,0,0,0-.383-.589,6.08,6.08,0,0,1-7.116,0,.359.359,0,0,0-.383.589,6.669,6.669,0,0,0,7.881,0Zm-9.144-4.3a1.557,1.557,0,1,0,.456-1.1A1.56,1.56,0,0,0,19.349,28.909Z" transform="translate(-9.278 -11.812)" fill="#fff"></path>
							</g>
						</svg>
					</a>
				</li>
						<li class="mt-6">
					<a target="_blank" class="share-email text-accent-1 hover:text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="Email" :href="'mailto:?subject=' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.title) + '+-+' + encodeURIComponent($store.share.site) + '&amp;body=' + emailBody" title="Share Content via Email" href="mailto:?subject=What%20Are%20the%20Three%20Branches%20of%20U.S.%20Government%20and%20How%20Do%20They%20Work%20Together%3F+-+HowStuffWorks&amp;body=%0A%09Hi%2C%0A%0A%09I%20thought%20you%20would%20like%20this%3A%0A%09https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm%3Futm_medium%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Dhsw_share%3Futm_source%3Demail%26utm_medium%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Dhsw_share%0A%0A%09What%20Are%20the%20Three%20Branches%20of%20U.S.%20Government%20and%20How%20Do%20They%20Work%20Together%3F%0A%09">
						<svg class="fill-current opacity-53 hover:opacity-100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.1569" height="22" viewBox="0 0 23.584 18.427" aria-labelledby="shareEmailTitle" role="img">
						<title id="shareEmailTitle">Share Content via Email</title>
						<path d="M24.226,6H5.358A2.328,2.328,0,0,0,3.012,8.3L3,22.123a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.358,2.3H24.226a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.358-2.3V8.3A2.338,2.338,0,0,0,24.226,6Zm0,4.607-9.434,5.758L5.358,10.607V8.3l9.434,5.758L24.226,8.3Z" transform="translate(-3 -6)"></path>
						</svg>
					</a>
				</li>
			</ul>
		</div>
	</div>
	<script id="share-email-template" type="text/template">
	Hi,

	I thought you would like this:
	<% url %>?utm_source=email&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=hsw_share

	<% title %>
	</script>
</div>
										<div id="editorial-main">
				<div class="editorial-header">
														</div>

				<article id="editorial-body" class="editorial-body infinite-container break-words">

					
	
				
	
																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																																														
				


	
<script defer="" src="https://rampjs-cdn.system1.com/ramp.js"></script>
<script>
HSW.utilities.docReady(() => {
	const rsocSegments = {"default":"c2showstuffworks0006","EXPO1922_ABOVE_TITLE":"c2showstuffworks0016","EXPO1922_BELOW_IMAGE":"c2showstuffworks0026"};
	if (GACtest === 'EXPO1922_CONTROL' || typeof rsocSegments[GACtest] === 'undefined') {
		return;
	}
    (function(w,r){w[r]=w[r]||function(){(w[r]['q']=w[r]['q']||[]).push(arguments)},w[r]['t']=1*new Date()})(window,'_rampJs');
    let rampSetup = {
		content_experiment_id: GACtest,
        init: { segment: rsocSegments[GACtest] },
        terms: rampKeywords
    };
    if (HSW.env != 'prod') {
        rampSetup.referrer =  "https://howstuffworks.com/";
        rampSetup.testMode = true;
    }
    _rampJs(rampSetup);
});
</script>
	
<div class="page-content">
		

<div class="page-body se" id="page0" data-slide="0" data-track-gtm="Content">						<div class="w-full mb-6">
<figure class="fragment-media " style="max-width: 828px;">
			
		
	
								
		
		
																																																								
			<picture>
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6MzIwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NDIwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6ODI4fSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" type="image/avif">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6MzIwfX19"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NDIwfX19"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6ODI4fX19">
				<img class=" " src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6ODI4fX19" alt="Three branches of government	" width="828" height="465" border="0">
			</picture>
			<noscript>
				"<img src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3RocmVlLWJyYW5jaGVzLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6ODI4fX19" width="828" alt="Three&#x20;branches&#x20;of&#x20;government&#x09;" border="0">"
			</noscript>

		
	

					
	
	<figcaption class="media-body-wrap bg-accent-3 p-4 w-max-full text-sm text-left">
											The U.S. government was created by the founders to have three co-equal branches, each designed to provide checks and balances to the other two branches. <span class="uppercase text-xs text-brown">HowStuffWorks/<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhhYqRjGzBk" class="ext-link">YouTube</a></span>
								</figcaption>

	</figure>
	</div>
				<div id="rampjs_slot1" class="primary-slot hero mb-6 rsoc-slot rsoc-after-lead" style="height: auto;"><iframe frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" allowtransparency="true" scrolling="no" width="100%" name="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;master-1&quot;,&quot;slave-1-1&quot;:{&quot;container&quot;:&quot;rampjs_slot9&quot;,&quot;styleId&quot;:&quot;9846008618&quot;,&quot;personalizedAds&quot;:false,&quot;channel&quot;:&quot;ch3059&quot;,&quot;domainName&quot;:&quot;people.howstuffworks.com&quot;,&quot;fexp&quot;:&quot;21404,17300003,17301431,17301432,17301436,17301266,72717108&quot;,&quot;masterNumber&quot;:1,&quot;number&quot;:0,&quot;pubId&quot;:&quot;infospace-hsw&quot;,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;s&quot;,&quot;slaveNumber&quot;:1,&quot;hl&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;ivt&quot;:false,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resultsPageBaseUrl&quot;:&quot;https://search.howstuffworks.com/click?pbid=yKqkRXg1wHEMITBYet1m&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.howstuffworks.com%2Fserp%3Fsc%3DL26nqZNqRoY020%26qc%3Dweb%26is_rsoc_url%3DTrue&amp;urls=1734297555Tb3798dd129b9fbdc01681470428d364d65a39e3fb4a27695d6a6c7bbe46120ff&amp;sc=8nMIuYyi2Rih5fGby5WQz6QWZu8DEIvI0ikuZcDCNQLkvo4Z8k5-KLF5wdw2H6tY93_K4JWU1EE6sl52c7cU_-_B_sCXfKn3Qaq467ZwHeMLpEW4BlP5Jo23jqs1pHnMsRE24QLekok3oUX6AJU6f4E3tlr1PNbMjtn8o_lgHMaVNnSy0lWiUwIH3z-2HLARCrv8C4gDfzVQa0wC9lyYVhA-silTzoJWcfKYjI-B1WZ_nmmW2uh2DZGA-8lDB6flN9NRHu24aae72A6zIsgBvMRzMFWnygzYfemqigL7w2sjdDV6nJ8-Rfr6T6N0nuLzDeuFV6HtDr6u8IfOf-C3hu-h3lFOTLyHg1Ztl8ojLj4inqFkbMnXPRZIekYkW5JH1V0pklzFOzkQLC9OfP9NlPJLHKNn6NVgCbqnJW_NMWz1SnxgDrxsbsFCqGs9RZuTXtiNcqrKMFx1atKY26DCiQD8xxcziMF76MNdBpuq0AZr6XWclPuCLR9V04VBuednu10MrlGhZvmYxVpWVxT-eC-j3uIGyjf3BYeR-OZspDGpw6TqKZ5Vh840TFahN77yHqv3X5hg1gZl&quot;,&quot;resultsPageQueryParam&quot;:&quot;q&quot;,&quot;terms&quot;:&quot;Culture, People, Government, Political Issues&quot;,&quot;kw&quot;:&quot;Culture&quot;,&quot;ie&quot;:&quot;UTF-8&quot;,&quot;maxTop&quot;:0,&quot;minTop&quot;:0,&quot;oe&quot;:&quot;UTF-8&quot;,&quot;relatedSearches&quot;:4,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;relatedsearch&quot;,&quot;linkTarget&quot;:&quot;_blank&quot;,&quot;relatedSearchTargeting&quot;:&quot;content&quot;,&quot;ignoredPageParams&quot;:&quot;segment&quot;},&quot;master-1&quot;:{&quot;container&quot;:&quot;rampjs_slot1&quot;,&quot;styleId&quot;:&quot;9846008618&quot;,&quot;personalizedAds&quot;:false,&quot;channel&quot;:&quot;ch3059&quot;,&quot;domainName&quot;:&quot;people.howstuffworks.com&quot;,&quot;fexp&quot;:&quot;21404,17300003,17301431,17301432,17301436,17301266,72717108&quot;,&quot;masterNumber&quot;:1,&quot;number&quot;:0,&quot;pubId&quot;:&quot;infospace-hsw&quot;,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;m&quot;,&quot;hl&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;ivt&quot;:false,&quot;width&quot;:500,&quot;resultsPageBaseUrl&quot;:&quot;https://search.howstuffworks.com/click?pbid=yKqkRXg1wHEMITBYet1m&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.howstuffworks.com%2Fserp%3Fsc%3DL26nqZNqRoY020%26qc%3Dweb%26is_rsoc_url%3DTrue&amp;urls=1734297555Tb3798dd129b9fbdc01681470428d364d65a39e3fb4a27695d6a6c7bbe46120ff&amp;sc=8nMIuYyi2Rih5fGby5WQz6QWZu8DEIvI0ikuZcDCNQLkvo4Z8k5-KLF5wdw2H6tY93_K4JWU1EE6sl52c7cU_-_B_sCXfKn3Qaq467ZwHeMLpEW4BlP5Jo23jqs1pHnMsRE24QLekok3oUX6AJU6f4E3tlr1PNbMjtn8o_lgHMaVNnSy0lWiUwIH3z-2HLARCrv8C4gDfzVQa0wC9lyYVhA-silTzoJWcfKYjI-B1WZ_nmmW2uh2DZGA-8lDB6flN9NRHu24aae72A6zIsgBvMRzMFWnygzYfemqigL7w2sjdDV6nJ8-Rfr6T6N0nuLzDeuFV6HtDr6u8IfOf-C3hu-h3lFOTLyHg1Ztl8ojLj4inqFkbMnXPRZIekYkW5JH1V0pklzFOzkQLC9OfP9NlPJLHKNn6NVgCbqnJW_NMWz1SnxgDrxsbsFCqGs9RZuTXtiNcqrKMFx1atKY26DCiQD8xxcziMF76MNdBpuq0AZr6XWclPuCLR9V04VBuednu10MrlGhZvmYxVpWVxT-eC-j3uIGyjf3BYeR-OZspDGpw6TqKZ5Vh840TFahN77yHqv3X5hg1gZl&quot;,&quot;resultsPageQueryParam&quot;:&quot;q&quot;,&quot;terms&quot;:&quot;Culture, People, Government, Political Issues&quot;,&quot;kw&quot;:&quot;Culture&quot;,&quot;ie&quot;:&quot;UTF-8&quot;,&quot;maxTop&quot;:0,&quot;minTop&quot;:0,&quot;oe&quot;:&quot;UTF-8&quot;,&quot;relatedSearches&quot;:4,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;relatedsearch&quot;,&quot;linkTarget&quot;:&quot;_blank&quot;,&quot;relatedSearchTargeting&quot;:&quot;content&quot;,&quot;ignoredPageParams&quot;:&quot;segment&quot;}}" id="master-1" src="https://syndicatedsearch.goog/afs/ads?adtest=off&amp;psid=9846008618&amp;pcsa=false&amp;channel=ch3059&amp;client=infospace-hsw&amp;r=m&amp;hl=en&amp;ivt=0&amp;rpbu=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.howstuffworks.com%2Fclick%3Fpbid%3DyKqkRXg1wHEMITBYet1m%26url%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fsearch.howstuffworks.com%252Fserp%253Fsc%253DL26nqZNqRoY020%2526qc%253Dweb%2526is_rsoc_url%253DTrue%26urls%3D1734297555Tb3798dd129b9fbdc01681470428d364d65a39e3fb4a27695d6a6c7bbe46120ff%26sc%3D8nMIuYyi2Rih5fGby5WQz6QWZu8DEIvI0ikuZcDCNQLkvo4Z8k5-KLF5wdw2H6tY93_K4JWU1EE6sl52c7cU_-_B_sCXfKn3Qaq467ZwHeMLpEW4BlP5Jo23jqs1pHnMsRE24QLekok3oUX6AJU6f4E3tlr1PNbMjtn8o_lgHMaVNnSy0lWiUwIH3z-2HLARCrv8C4gDfzVQa0wC9lyYVhA-silTzoJWcfKYjI-B1WZ_nmmW2uh2DZGA-8lDB6flN9NRHu24aae72A6zIsgBvMRzMFWnygzYfemqigL7w2sjdDV6nJ8-Rfr6T6N0nuLzDeuFV6HtDr6u8IfOf-C3hu-h3lFOTLyHg1Ztl8ojLj4inqFkbMnXPRZIekYkW5JH1V0pklzFOzkQLC9OfP9NlPJLHKNn6NVgCbqnJW_NMWz1SnxgDrxsbsFCqGs9RZuTXtiNcqrKMFx1atKY26DCiQD8xxcziMF76MNdBpuq0AZr6XWclPuCLR9V04VBuednu10MrlGhZvmYxVpWVxT-eC-j3uIGyjf3BYeR-OZspDGpw6TqKZ5Vh840TFahN77yHqv3X5hg1gZl&amp;rpqp=q&amp;terms=Culture%2C%20People%2C%20Government%2C%20Political%20Issues&amp;kw=Culture&amp;type=3&amp;ipp=segment&amp;rs_tt=c&amp;oe=UTF-8&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;fexp=21404%2C17300003%2C17301431%2C17301432%2C17301436%2C17301266%2C72717108&amp;format=r4%7Cr4&amp;nocache=7841734297555261&amp;num=0&amp;output=afd_ads&amp;domain_name=people.howstuffworks.com&amp;v=3&amp;bsl=8&amp;pac=0&amp;u_his=2&amp;u_tz=0&amp;dt=1734297555264&amp;u_w=1&amp;u_h=1&amp;biw=790&amp;bih=600&amp;psw=790&amp;psh=17387&amp;frm=0&amp;uio=-wi500-wi500&amp;cont=rampjs_slot1%7Crampjs_slot9&amp;drt=0&amp;jsid=csa&amp;jsv=704712957&amp;rurl=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm" data-observe="1" style="visibility: visible; height: 84px; display: block;" data-lle="1" title=""></iframe></div>
	




	
		<p>If you're a person who isn't a hardcore political junkie, you may find yourself bewildered by how the three main parts of the U.S. government continually seem to be butting heads instead of working together on solutions to the nation's problems. But, as we'll see, the government was structured in three parts for a reason. The three branches are:</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<div class="list">
	<ul><li><span>The <b>executive branch</b>, which includes the president and the agencies he controls;</span></li><li><span>The <b>legislative branch</b>, consisting of the two houses of Congress, which are the House of Representatives and the Senate; and</span></li><li><span>The <b>judicial branch</b>, which includes the Supreme Court and all the nation's federal and state courts.  </span></li></ul>
</div>


		
	
	
				
	


	
		<p>In the abstract, here's how the system sort of works. The president might press Congress to pass legislation on some issue that he made a campaign promise to enact. After lots of arguing and finagling, legislators pass a bill, which sometimes turns out to be very different from what the president asked for. If he doesn't veto the bill, he may issue a <a href="https://guides.loc.gov/legislative-history/presidential-communications/signing-statements" class="ext-link">signing statement</a> that spells out how the federal agencies he controls are going to enforce the law in a different way than Congress intended. Then, the executive branch draws up regulations for how to enforce the law and it takes effect. Congressional committees may hold hearings to scrutinize what the executive branch is doing.</p>

		
	
							

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-99">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline1" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline1" class="ad-tag h-max-250"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
											
							
<div class="hidden lg:block print:hidden mb-6 text-center w-full clear-both" id="inline-video-wrap" style="height: 403px;">
	<div class="mx-auto w-min">
		<div id="unruly-video-container" style="width: 717px; height: 403px;"></div>
	</div>
</div>
<script>
(function () {
	if (!HSW.utilities.isMobile() && HSW.utilities.hashArgs['video-ad'] !== 'off' && userData.adsActive) {
		HSW.utilities.delayLoad(() => {
			HSW.pq.add(() => {
				if (userData.adsActive) {
					HSW.utilities.loadScript('https://tg1.unrulyvideo.com/api/adserver/spt?AV_TAGID=642d0774bf980e733c0bdd08&AV_PUBLISHERID=63a310da17f8afa0e105a8f5', true, () => {});
				}
				else {
					console.log('Unruly player blocked');
				}
			});
		});
	}
	else {
		let el = document.getElementById('inline-video-wrap');
		el.parentNode.removeChild(el);
	}
})();
</script>						
				
	


	
		<p>And to top it all off, the <a href="https://money.howstuffworks.com/10-supreme-court-cases-journalists.htm">U.S. Supreme Court</a> might step in and smack down both the president and Congress, by ruling that some part of the law is unconstitutional, forcing them essentially to start over.</p>

		
	
												
				
	


	
		<p>Crazy as it seems, that's how the nation's founders actually intended the system to work, because they didn't want any one part of the government to have too much power. To that end, they filled the <a href="https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript" class="ext-link">U.S. Constitution</a> with checks and balances that each branch could impose upon the others. The idea was that those three branches eventually would hammer out compromises that everybody could live with.</p>

		
	
				
				
	

				
				

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-14">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline2" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline2" class="ad-tag "></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	




</div>

	</div>

		<div class="clear-both">		<div class="toc inline-block bg-accent-4 py-4 px-8 text-2xl text-lighter-gray mb-8 print:hidden" data-track-gtm="TOC">
			<strong>Contents</strong>
			<ol class="list-outside list-decimal text-lg mt-2 ml-8 text-primary font-bold">
						
					
																
										
					<li class="pb-2 pl-2 text-lg">
						<a data-target="pt1" class="text-lighter-gray hover:text-green font-normal" href="#pt1">Where the Founders Got the Idea</a>
					</li>
							
					
																
										
					<li class="pb-2 pl-2 text-lg">
						<a data-target="pt2" class="text-lighter-gray hover:text-green font-normal" href="#pt2">How the Three Branch System Evolved</a>
					</li>
							
					
																
										
					<li class="pb-2 pl-2 text-lg">
						<a data-target="pt3" class="text-lighter-gray hover:text-green font-normal" href="#pt3">How the Three Branches Push Back Against One Another</a>
					</li>
							
					
																
										
					<li class="pb-2 pl-2 text-lg">
						<a data-target="pt4" class="text-lighter-gray hover:text-green font-normal" href="#pt4">Why It Doesn't Work as Well as It Should</a>
					</li>
										</ol>
		</div>
	</div>
	

		
	<div class="page-content relative clear-both" id="page-wrap1" x-data="{ pageVisible : true }"><a class="absolute left-0 top-n56" name="pt1"></a>
		<h2 class="page-title firePageview text-2xl mb-6 font-bold se" data-page-nbr="1" data-logged="false" data-page-url="three-branches-government1.htm">
			


<span class="flex cursor-pointer " @click="pageVisible = !pageVisible" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="page1" role="button">

			<svg class="mt-3 mr-3 print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !pageVisible, '' : pageVisible }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
		<span>Where the Founders Got the Idea</span>

	
</span>		</h2>

				

<div class="page-body se" id="page1" data-slide="1" data-track-gtm="Content" x-show.transition="pageVisible === true">	



	
		<p>The idea of the three branches of the U.S. government isn't a totally American one. "The idea of separate branches and mixed government went all the way back to antiquity and Aristotle's "<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0226921840/ref=as_sl_pc_tf_til?tag=howstuffwo029-20&amp;linkCode=w00&amp;linkId=53d00e7090c3437df6e805bb573de47f&amp;creativeASIN=0226921840:0" class="ext-link">Politics</a>," something the framers were well aware of," <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-nicholas-mosvick-32187937/" class="ext-link">Nicholas Mosvick</a> explains via email. He's a senior fellow at the <a href="https://constitutioncenter.org/" class="ext-link">National Constitution Center</a>, a museum and civil education organization in Philadelphia.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p><a href="https://millercenter.org/president/madison" class="ext-link">James Madison</a>, the future president who was lead author of the U.S. Constitution, and the other founders also were influenced by <a href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke/" class="ext-link">John Locke</a>, the late 17th-century British philosopher.</p>

		
	
							

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-99">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline3" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline3" class="ad-tag h-max-250"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
										
				
	


	
		<p>But the most prominent influence may have been French philosopher <a href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/montesquieu/" class="ext-link">Baron de Montesquieu</a>, author of the 1748 treatise "<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1573929492/ref=as_sl_pc_tf_til?tag=howstuffwo029-20&amp;linkCode=w00&amp;linkId=b42a3d2ff32708bf2c05f44b9f35a152&amp;creativeASIN=1573929492:0" class="ext-link">The Spirit of the Laws</a>," who described what should distinguish Republican self-government from monarchies and despotic countries. The republican government, he believed, needed to have separate and independent executive, legislative and judicial branches, in order to prevent one another from abusing their various powers.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>The system devised by the founders, which is described in <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articlei" class="ext-link">Articles I</a>, <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articleii" class="ext-link">II</a>, and <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articleiii" class="ext-link">III</a> of the U.S. Constitution, wasn't quite as cut-and-dried as Montesquieu's, Mosvick says. Instead, they allowed some overlap.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"The easiest examples are in the Senate and Article II," says Mosvick. "The Senate clearly holds executive functions, as they perform a role in advice and consent for treaties, the appointment of judges and executive officers. The president holds a veto power, which gives him a role in legislation, and he has the power to give advice to Congress, typically in the form of a State of the Union and recommendations on legislation."</p>

		
	
				
				
	

									
				

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-14">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline4" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline4" class="ad-tag "></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	




</div>

					</div>


		
	<div class="page-content relative clear-both" id="page-wrap2" x-data="{ pageVisible : true }"><a class="absolute left-0 top-n56" name="pt2"></a>
		<h2 class="page-title firePageview text-2xl mb-6 font-bold se" data-page-nbr="2" data-logged="false" data-page-url="three-branches-government2.htm">
			


<span class="flex cursor-pointer " @click="pageVisible = !pageVisible" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="page2" role="button">

			<svg class="mt-3 mr-3 print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !pageVisible, '' : pageVisible }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
		<span>How the Three Branch System Evolved</span>

	
</span>		</h2>

				

<div class="page-body se" id="page2" data-slide="2" data-track-gtm="Content" x-show.transition="pageVisible === true">	



	
		<p>To make things more complicated, some of the president's powers aren't precisely spelled out in the Constitution, Mosvick explains. "Neither executive orders nor signing statements come from the Constitution's text. Executive orders were a power derived from the implied 'executive power,' 'commander in chief,' and 'faithfully execute' language of Article II, along with the power to command the opinions of executive officers, which led Washington to create the cabinet."</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"Signing statements are of significant constitutional debate," Mosvick continues. "Many scholars do not believe that they are constitutional precisely because they violate the separation of powers in that they take on the legislative power by determining the letter of the law when 'faithful execution' merely means to follow the law according to Congress."</p>

		
	
							

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-99">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline5" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline5" class="ad-tag h-max-250"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
										
				
	


	
		<p>The concept of how the three branches work together — or against each other — also has evolved over the centuries.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"The most significant change to separation of powers is likely the rise of the administrative state since the New Deal and the 1930s," Mosvick says. "The Supreme Court was heavily involved in the 1930s in determining the boundaries of what we call delegation — the granting of one branch's powers to an independent body or as part of the executive branch. Some delegations were initially struck down under the non-delegation doctrine. Scholars debate whether or not the <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nondelegation_doctrine" class="ext-link">non-delegation doctrine</a> flows from the understanding of the founders, but the idea is simply that Congress cannot delegate its core power from the vesting clause — to make all laws — to another body, any more than it can grant non-Article III courts Article III powers or jurisdiction."</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
				
	<div class="aspect-w-16 aspect-h-9 mb-6">
		<iframe title="YouTube Video Embed" class="vembed lazyload video-youtube" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/HuFR5XBYLfU" src="" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>
	</div>


		
	
	
				
	


	
		<p>"This too is where recent questions about <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts_law/supreme-court-rules-a-consumer-regulators-structure-unconstitutional/2020/06/29/c7246c06-ba14-11ea-80b9-40ece9a701dc_story.html" class="ext-link">removal of directors of administrative agencies</a> by the president comes from — it too is a separation of powers question, but one that flows from modern innovations that the founders could not entirely envision."</p>

		
	
				
				
	

				
				

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-14">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline6" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline6" class="ad-tag "></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	




</div>

					</div>


		
	<div class="page-content relative clear-both" id="page-wrap3" x-data="{ pageVisible : true }"><a class="absolute left-0 top-n56" name="pt3"></a>
		<h2 class="page-title firePageview text-2xl mb-6 font-bold se" data-page-nbr="3" data-logged="false" data-page-url="three-branches-government3.htm">
			


<span class="flex cursor-pointer " @click="pageVisible = !pageVisible" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="page3" role="button">

			<svg class="mt-3 mr-3 print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !pageVisible, '' : pageVisible }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
		<span>How the Three Branches Push Back Against One Another</span>

	
</span>		</h2>

				

<div class="page-body se" id="page3" data-slide="3" data-track-gtm="Content" x-show.transition="pageVisible === true">	



	
		<p><a href="https://view2.fdu.edu/academics/becton-college/social-sciences-and-history/faculty/bruce-peabody/" class="ext-link">Bruce Peabody</a> is professor of government and politics at Fairleigh Dickinson University and author of "<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0199982961/ref=as_sl_pc_tf_til?tag=howstuffwo029-20&amp;linkCode=w00&amp;linkId=13060044dab09b207381d2b2b576d4b6&amp;creativeASIN=0199982961:0" class="ext-link">Where Have All the Heroes Gone? The Changing Nature of American Valor</a>," as well as a 2019 article in The Conversation  on the separation-of-powers concept. He explains in an email that the checks and balances baked into the three-branch system have prevented abuses of power in the past.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"One of the classic examples is the push and pull associated with the congressional investigation into the Nixon campaign's trespass and bugging of the <a href="https://www.vox.com/2014/8/7/5970967/what-was-watergate-scandal-nixon" class="ext-link">Watergate</a> building and the Democratic National Committee's headquarters," he says.</p>

		
	
							

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-99">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline7" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline7" class="ad-tag h-max-250"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
										
				
	


	
		<p>"Congress rightfully investigated, the president pushed back, claiming that the White House recordings which implicated the president were covered under the legal protection of 'executive privilege,' and the Supreme Court helped navigate the dispute, ultimately ruling that the president did have the unwritten constitutional power of the executive privilege, but noting that it was not an unlimited power – and setting out some of the rules for its use.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"In the process of this dramatic example of checks and balances, each branch arguably served its own political and institutional interests as well as the nation's," he says.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>But the three-branch system isn't some sort of government machine that can run on autopilot. In order for the democracy to work, the people in the three branches need to have personal qualities that go beyond the architecture of the system, Peabody and <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/562246/how-democracies-die-by-steven-levitsky-and-daniel-ziblatt/" class="ext-link">other scholars</a> say. In recent years, we've seen the system become less effective in working out conflicts and taking effective action. The increasingly acrimonious stalemate over the nation's <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/20/how-experts-would-fix-the-broken-us-immigration-system.html" class="ext-link">immigration policy</a> is a prime example.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"I would probably attribute our logjam and chronic inaction most directly to hyperactive partisanship. But, yes, this development is tied up with a decline in our belief in republican virtue, a somewhat old-fashioned idea that our leaders should be expected to act for the public good, not just personal interest, and that they should achieve honor while serving in government," Peabody says. He cites the example of George Washington, who agreed to serve as president of both the constitutional convention and as the first U.S. president out of a sense of duty, even though he was eager to return to his <a href="https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/slavery/" class="ext-link">slave-supported</a> estate in Mount Vernon.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>Peabody cites the work of scholars <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/562246/how-democracies-die-by-steven-levitsky-and-daniel-ziblatt/" class="ext-link">Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt</a>, whom he says have identified basic norms that are necessary for enabling our government to function. One of their key principles, Peabody explains is "mutual toleration" — the idea of accepting your political opponents as legitimate, even if you vehemently disagree with them. Another important ingredient is "forbearance," which basically means that you self-impose limits on how far you'll go in using your powers of government to advance your interests and those of the political party to which you belong.</p>

		
	
				
				
	

				
				

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-14">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline8" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline8" class="ad-tag "></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	




</div>

					</div>


		
	<div class="page-content relative clear-both" id="page-wrap4" x-data="{ pageVisible : true }"><a class="absolute left-0 top-n56" name="pt4"></a>
		<h2 class="page-title firePageview text-2xl mb-6 font-bold se" data-page-nbr="4" data-logged="false" data-page-url="three-branches-government4.htm">
			


<span class="flex cursor-pointer " @click="pageVisible = !pageVisible" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="page4" role="button">

			<svg class="mt-3 mr-3 print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !pageVisible, '' : pageVisible }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
		<span>Why It Doesn't Work as Well as It Should</span>

	
</span>		</h2>

				

<div class="page-body se" id="page4" data-slide="4" data-track-gtm="Content" x-show.transition="pageVisible === true">	



	
		<p>Nevertheless, America's three-branch system also is highly susceptible to developing imbalances, in part because the founders chose to create a strong chief executive. That leader has broad authority and can't easily be removed from power before his certain number of years are up. (In the U.K., by contrast, political conflict can lead to Parliament calling an <a href="https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/early-election" class="ext-link">early election</a> that can lead to the prime minister being kicked out of power.)</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>To exacerbate the problem, over the years we've seen a gradual expansion of presidential power. Peabody says that the U.S. government has become increasingly president-centric for a variety of reasons, from changes in our media environment and political campaigns that focus on candidates rather than ideas, to the growth of what's sometimes called the administrative state — the vast, permanent bureaucracy of executive branch agencies. </p>

		
	
							

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-99">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline9" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline9" class="ad-tag h-max-250"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
										
				
	


	
		<p>"This, combined with both parties' post-FDR success in placing their candidates in the White House (and the close competitiveness of many presidential races) have made both Democrats and Republicans complicit in increasing executive power," Peabody says. Both the Trump and Obama administrations, he says, "illustrate that we look to our chief executive to solve problems and wield authority when Congress isn't able to cooperate, lead or assert itself."</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>After years of infighting in Congress over immigration, for example, President Obama in 2014 decided to issue an executive order deferring the deportation of "dreamers," the children who entered the U.S. illegally with their parents and grew up here, as this <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/11/20/365519963/obama-will-announce-relief-for-up-to-5-million-immigrants" class="ext-link">National Public Radio story</a> details. The constitutionality of that action was <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/06/18/829858289/supreme-court-upholds-daca-in-blow-to-trump-administration" class="ext-link">upheld in a narrow 5-4 decision</a> by the U.S. Supreme Court in June 2020. (That ruling is compelling the Trump administration, which had wanted the courts to overturn Obama's Deferred Action for Childhood [DACA] program, to decide whether or not to take the politically unpopular step of dismantling it through a similar executive order.)</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>But even so, the three-branch system has an amazing amount of resilience. As Peabody notes, the Constitution still enables Congress and the courts to push back against presidential power.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
					
<div class="clear-both w-max-full text-center mb-8">	
<figure class="fragment-media mx-auto" style="max-width: 828px;">
			
		
	
								
		
		
																																																								
			<picture class="lazyload">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjQyMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjgyOH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMH19fQ=="><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjQyMH19fQ=="><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjgyOH19fQ==">
				<img class=" bg-gray-light bg-opacity-50" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAJCAQAAACRI2S5AAAAEElEQVR42mNkIAAYRxWAAQAG9gAKqv6+AwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjgyOH19fQ==" alt="3 branches of govt" width="828" height="465" border="0">
			</picture>
			<noscript>
				"<img src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2JpbGwtc2lnbmluZy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjgyOH19fQ==" width="828" alt="3&#x20;branches&#x20;of&#x20;govt" border="0">"
			</noscript>

		
	

					
	
	<figcaption class="media-body-wrap bg-accent-3 p-4 w-max-full text-sm text-left">
											The legislative and executive branches worked together to accomplish meaningful change which resulted in President Lyndon Johnson signing the Civil Rights bill into law on July 2, 1964. The bill was a joint effort by both parties in Congress and was also signed by House Speaker John McCormack and President Pro Tempore of the Senate Carl Hayden. 
										<div class="media-sub uppercase text-brown">
				Bettmann/Getty Images
			</div>
			</figcaption>

	</figure>
</div>

		
	
	
				
	


	
		<p>"Despite having a majority of Republican appointees, the justices of the Supreme Court and lower federal courts have provided some checks to presidential overreach," Peabody says. Additionally, "Congress retains the so-called power of the purse, which it can exercise to re-direct national priorities."</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>Current Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi has fought to protect Congress's power in the system, by arguing that the Constitution is focused on the procedures and authority of the legislative branch.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p>"While extremely difficult in our hyper-partisan era, one could at least imagine a nimble Speaker asserting him or herself against an overstepping president and consistently making the case for what political value an engaged Congress provides," Peabody says.</p>

		
	
				
				
	


	
		<p><i>HowStuffWorks may earn a small commission from affiliate links in this article.</i></p>

		
	
				
				
	

					
<div id="sidebar-page4-el38" class="sidebar-section lazyload bg-tan p-6 mb-6">
						<div class="text-3xl lg:text-4xl mb-2 text-royal-blue">Now That's Interesting</div>
				<p class="text-base">In this 2017 Politico essay, former Congress member Mickey Edwards (R-Okla.) argues that we no longer actually have three branches of government, because Congress members increasingly see themselves as not as a separate branch, "but as arms of their respective political parties."</p>
	
		</div>
				

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-14">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline10" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline10" class="ad-tag "></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	




</div>

					</div>


	<style>
.faq {
	color: #707070;
	font-size: 1.125rem;
	line-height: 1.75;
	border-color: #a2d4d3;
}
.faq h3 {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	font-weight: bold;
	color: #2B2B5C;
	font-size: 1.25rem;
	margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}
.faq h3::before {
	content: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='26' height='26' viewBox='0 0 26 26'%3E%3Cpath d='M27.7,8.2H25.1V19.9H8.2v2.6a1.3,1.3,0,0,0,1.3,1.3H23.8L29,29V9.5A1.3,1.3,0,0,0,27.7,8.2ZM22.5,16V4.3A1.3,1.3,0,0,0,21.2,3H4.3A1.3,1.3,0,0,0,3,4.3V22.5l5.2-5.2h13A1.3,1.3,0,0,0,22.5,16Z' transform='translate(-3 -3)' fill='%2336a2a0'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
	color: #36A2A0;
	width: 26px;
	height: 26px;
	margin-right: 12px;
}
.faq h3::after {
	content: '';
	height: 1px;
	background-color: #36A2A0;
	flex: 1 1 0%;
	margin-left: 12px;
}
.faq h5 {
	font-weight: bold;
	margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.faq p {
	margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
	font-size: 1rem;
	line-height: 1.25;
}

.faq .questionContainer {
	margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.faq .questionContainer:last-child {
	margin-bottom: 0;
}
</style>

<div class="faq p-6 mt-6 mb-6 clear-both border">
			<h3>Three Branches of Government FAQ</h3>
<div class="questionContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
	<h5 class="question" itemprop="name">Why are there three branches of U.S. government?</h5>
	<div class="answerContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
		<div class="answer" itemprop="text">The Federal Government of the United States of America has three branches that ensure the separation of powers. They are: judicial, legislative and executive. Each branch bears unique responsibilities and uses powers to safeguard the law and the rights of citizens.</div>
	</div>
</div>
<div class="questionContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
	<h5 class="question" itemprop="name">What are the functions of the branches?</h5>
	<div class="answerContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
		<div class="answer" itemprop="text">All three branches serve to ensure that the government remains effective. The judicial branch ensures the interpretation of the law. The legislative branch defines and creates the laws, while the executive branch enforces the law.</div>
	</div>
</div>
<div class="questionContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
	<h5 class="question" itemprop="name">What are the powers of the executive branch?</h5>
	<div class="answerContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
		<div class="answer" itemprop="text">The executive branch manages diplomatic relations with other nations under the guidance of the president. The president is responsible for signing agreements and making negotiations, which are approved by the senate. Furthermore, executive orders, such as the issuance of federal directives, are also delivered by the president.</div>
	</div>
</div>
<div class="questionContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
	<h5 class="question" itemprop="name">What makes up the legislative branch?</h5>
	<div class="answerContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
		<div class="answer" itemprop="text">The legislative branch consists of two houses, namely the Senate and the House of Representatives. Together, the houses are called Congress. They have the power to define laws, control policies, regulate interests and proclaim war.</div>
	</div>
</div>
<div class="questionContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
	<h5 class="question" itemprop="name">Which of the three branches of government is most powerful?</h5>
	<div class="answerContainer" itemscope="" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
		<div class="answer" itemprop="text">The legislative branch, which is made up of Congress, has the highest power as granted by the Constitution.</div>
	</div>
</div>

	</div>

	


				</article>
					
												


<div id="modal-citation-modal" x-data="{ open: false }" x-show="open" @citation-modal.window="open = !open" class="fixed z-10 inset-0 overflow-y-auto" aria-modal="true" style="display: none;">

	<div class="flex items-end justify-center min-h-screen pt-4 px-4 pb-20 text-center sm:block sm:p-0"><div x-show="open" x-description="Background overlay, show/hide based on modal state." x-transition:enter="ease-out duration-300" x-transition:enter-start="opacity-0" x-transition:enter-end="opacity-100" x-transition:leave="ease-in duration-200" x-transition:leave-start="opacity-100" x-transition:leave-end="opacity-0" class="fixed inset-0 bg-black bg-opacity-75 transition-opacity" aria-hidden="true" style="display: none;">
		</div><span class="hidden sm:inline-block sm:align-middle sm:h-screen" aria-hidden="true"></span><div x-show="open" x-description="Modal panel, show/hide based on modal state." x-transition:enter="ease-out duration-300" x-transition:enter-start="opacity-0 translate-y-4 sm:translate-y-0 sm:scale-95" x-transition:enter-end="opacity-100 translate-y-0 sm:scale-100" x-transition:leave="ease-in duration-200" x-transition:leave-start="opacity-100 translate-y-0 sm:scale-100" x-transition:leave-end="opacity-0 translate-y-4 sm:translate-y-0 sm:scale-95" class="inline-block align-bottom bg-white rounded-lg text-left overflow-hidden shadow-xl transform transition-all sm:my-8 sm:align-middle sm:max-w-lg sm:w-full" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="modal-headline" @click.away="open = false" style="display: none;">

			<div class="bg-white px-4 pt-5 pb-4 sm:p-6 sm:pb-4">
				<div class="text-left">
	<div class="text-xl font-bold" id="modal-headline">
		Cite This!
	</div>
	<div class="mt-2">
		<p class="font-bold">Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article:</p>
		<aside id="citationText" class="w-max-full mt-4 bg-accent-3 border border-accent-5">
			<div class="relative p-7">
				<div class="absolute top-0 right-0">
					<button onclick="copyCitation()" class="inline-flex items-center self-center btn text-xs p-1">
						<svg class="fill-current cursor-pointer" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="17" height="20" viewBox="0 0 23.625 29.25">
							<path d="M20.813,3.375h-8.4A2.812,2.812,0,0,0,9.563,6.152v.6H9.035A2.812,2.812,0,0,0,6.188,9.527v20.25a2.872,2.872,0,0,0,2.848,2.848H23.66a2.812,2.812,0,0,0,2.777-2.848V29.25h.6A2.812,2.812,0,0,0,29.813,26.4V12.375Zm0,3.136,5.864,5.864H20.813Zm3.375,23.266a.568.568,0,0,1-.527.6H9.035a.626.626,0,0,1-.6-.6V9.527A.568.568,0,0,1,9.035,9h.527V26.965a2,2,0,0,0,2.285,2.285h12.34ZM27.563,26.4a.568.568,0,0,1-.527.6H12.41a.626.626,0,0,1-.6-.6V6.152a.568.568,0,0,1,.6-.527h6.152v9h9Z" transform="translate(-6.188 -3.375)"></path>
						</svg>
						<span id="copyState" class="items-center self-center pl-2">Copy</span>
					</button>
				</div>
				<div>
				Patrick J. Kiger
				"What Are the Three Branches of U.S. Government and How Do They Work Together?"
				27 July 2020.<br>HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm&gt;
				15 December 2024
				</div>
			</div>
		</aside>
		<script>
			function copyCitation() {
				var copyText = document.getElementById('citationText').innerHTML;copyText = copyText.replace(/(<([^>]+)>)/ig, ' ').replace(/\s+/ig, ' ').replace(/^\s+/,'');var e = document.createElement('textarea');
				e.innerHTML = copyText;
				copyText = e.childNodes.length === 0 ? "" : e.childNodes[0].nodeValue;
				var copyState = document.getElementById('copyState');
				copyToClipboard(copyText);
				copyState.innerHTML = 'Copied';
				setTimeout(() => {
					copyState.innerHTML = 'Copy';
				}, 1000);
			}
			const copyToClipboard = str => {
				const el = document.createElement('textarea');
				el.value = str;
				el.setAttribute('readonly', '');
				el.style.position = 'absolute';
				el.style.left = '-9999px';
				document.body.appendChild(el);
				el.select();
				document.execCommand('copy');
				document.body.removeChild(el);
			};
		</script>
	</div>
</div>

			</div>
			<div class="bg-lighter-gray px-4 py-3 sm:px-6 flex flex-row-reverse"><span class="flexrounded-md shadow-sm">
					<button @click="open = false" type="button" class="inline-flex justify-center btn py-2 px-7 xl:py-3 xl:px-10 text-sm xl:text-lg">
						Close
					</button>
				</span>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>
						
													

<div class="bg-accent-3 p-6 xl:p-8 mb-8 lg:mb-11 clear-both print:hidden">
	<div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row">
		<div class="shrink self-center" id="share-bar-bottom"></div>
		<div class="flex-grow text-center pt-6 md:text-right md:pt-0 self-center font-bold text-lg">
										<a class="text-black underline" data-track-gtm="Citation" id="citation-link-945307" x-data="" @click.prevent="$dispatch('citation-modal')" href="#">Citation</a>
					</div>
	</div>
</div><script id="share-html-bottom" type="text/template">
	<ul class="flex flex-wrap justify-between md:flex-nowrap md:justify-start">
		<li class="flex-none w-full mb-4 text-center md:shrink md:w-auto md:mr-6 md:mb-0 mb:text-left self-center"><span class="font-bold text-royal-blue">Share:</span></li>
				<li class="mr-6 self-center">
			<a target="_blank" class="share-facebook text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="Facebook" href="<% facebookURL %>" title="Share Content on Facebook">
				<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="28" viewBox="0 0 35.997 35.779" aria-labelledby="shareBarFacebookTitle" role="img">
					<title id="shareBarFacebookTitle">Share Content on Facebook</title>
					<path d="M36,18a18,18,0,1,0-20.811,17.78V23.2h-4.57V18h4.57V14.033c0-4.511,2.687-7,6.8-7a27.68,27.68,0,0,1,4.029.352v4.429H23.744a2.6,2.6,0,0,0-2.933,2.811V18H25.8L25,23.2H20.811V35.779A18,18,0,0,0,36,18Z"/>
				</svg>
			</a>
			<li class="mr-6 self-center">
			<a target="_blank" class="share-linkedin text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="LinkedIn" href="<% linkedInURL %>" title="Share Content on LinkedIn">
				<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.301" height="27.64" viewBox="0 0 28.301 27.64" aria-labelledby="shareBarLinkedInTitle" role="img">
				  <title id="shareBarLinkedInTitle">Share Content on LinkedIn</title>
				  <path d="M24.111,23.554H19.92V17.14c0-1.529-.032-3.5-2.184-3.5-2.185,0-2.519,1.664-2.519,3.385v6.526H11.027V10.365h4.026v1.8h.054a4.437,4.437,0,0,1,3.974-2.131c4.246,0,5.032,2.729,5.032,6.282v7.239ZM6.293,8.56A2.378,2.378,0,1,1,8.727,6.182,2.4,2.4,0,0,1,6.293,8.56Zm2.1,14.993h-4.2V10.365h4.2ZM26.208,0H2.088A2.041,2.041,0,0,0,0,1.991V25.649A2.04,2.04,0,0,0,2.088,27.64H26.2a2.048,2.048,0,0,0,2.1-1.991V1.991A2.049,2.049,0,0,0,26.2,0Z"/>
				</svg>
			</a>
		</li>
			<li class="md:mr-6 self-center">
			<a class="share-email text-accent-1" data-track-gtm="Email" href="<% emailURL %>" title="Share Content via Email">
				<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28.1569" height="22" viewBox="0 0 23.584 18.427" aria-labelledby="shareBarEmailTitle" role="img">
				  <title id="shareBarEmailTitle">Share Content via Email</title>
				  <path d="M24.226,6H5.358A2.328,2.328,0,0,0,3.012,8.3L3,22.123a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.358,2.3H24.226a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.358-2.3V8.3A2.338,2.338,0,0,0,24.226,6Zm0,4.607-9.434,5.758L5.358,10.607V8.3l9.434,5.758L24.226,8.3Z" transform="translate(-3 -6)"/>
				</svg>
			</a>
		</li>
	</ul>
</script>
<script id="share-email-bottom" type="text/template">
Hi,

I thought you would like this:
<% url %>?utm_source=email&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=hsw_share

<% title %>
</script>
<script>
var loadShare = function () {
	var s = HSW.assetUrl + 'js/share.min.js';
	function initShare () {
		HSW.share.init('bottom', 'https://people.howstuffworks.com/three-branches-government.htm', 'What\u0020Are\u0020the\u0020Three\u0020Branches\u0020of\u0020U.S.\u0020Government\u0020and\u0020How\u0020Do\u0020They\u0020Work\u0020Together\u003F', '', {
					});
	}

	if (typeof HSW.share !== 'undefined') {
		initShare();
	}
	else {
		HSW.utilities.loadScript(HSW.assetUrl + 'js/share.min.js', true, initShare);
	}
};

HSW.utilities.delayLoad(loadShare);
</script>
						
					
					
				
				
										
				
			</div>

		

	
	
		
					
				
																																																								
	<script>const relatedIds = [944931, 480956, 891347], contArticleIds = [944931, 480956, 891347]</script>																				<script>function setupRelated(e,t,n){return{content:[],promoted:!1,parentContentId:e,parentContentLocale:t,paginatedSetupFn:n,init(){if("undefined"!=typeof relatedContent)this.setupModule(relatedContent);else{let e=this,t=HSW.site.toLowerCase();HSW.utilities.loadJson(`${HSW.domainApi}/related/${t}/${this.parentContentId}?w=300&locale=${this.parentContentLocale}`,t=>{e.setupModule(t)})}},setupModule(e){this.content=e.filter(e=>!relatedIds.contains(e.id));let t=this.content.filter(e=>void 0!==e.category),n=t.filter(e=>["article","list","article-with-html-code","article-structured"].includes(e.type.toLowerCase())),i=contArticleIds.concat(n.map(e=>e.id));i.length>0?this.$dispatch("populate-pending",{items:i}):this.$dispatch("disable-continuous",{disabled:!0});let a={event:"raw-event",eventCategory:"page-interaction",eventAction:"loaded"};if(dataLayer.push({...a,...{eventLabel:"related-programmatic"}}),relatedIds.length){let e={eventLabel:"related-editorial"};dataLayer.push({...a,...e})}if("undefined"!=typeof promotedRecirc&&3==promotedRecirc.length&&0==HSW.utilities.isMobile()){this.promoted=!0,this.content.unshift(promotedRecirc[0],promotedRecirc[1],promotedRecirc[2]);let e={eventLabel:"related-promoted"};dataLayer.push({...a,...e}),this.$nextTick(()=>{let e=document.querySelectorAll(".promoted-recirc-item"),t=new IntersectionObserver((e,t)=>{e.forEach(e=>{if(e.isIntersecting){let n=e.target,i=n.getAttribute("href"),a=parseInt(n.dataset.block)+1;dataLayer.push({event:"raw-event",eventCategory:"page-interaction",eventAction:"viewed",eventLabel:i,eventValue:a}),t.unobserve(n)}})},{threshold:.75});e.forEach(e=>{t.observe(e)})})}try{"function"==typeof this.paginatedSetupFn&&this.paginatedSetupFn(t[0].href)}catch(e){console.warn(e)}this.$nextTick(()=>{let e=document.getElementById("related-hero").querySelectorAll(".lazyload");HSW.utilities.lazyLoadElements(e),dataLayer.push({event:"object-load",eventAction:"related-content"})})}}}</script>
<div id="related-hero" class="mb-6 lg:mb-11 print:hidden" data-track-gtm="Related Content" x-data="setupRelated(945307, 'en-us', null)" x-show="!HSW.utilities.isMobile() || !pageMetricsData.continuousUX">

	<div class="flex items-center mb-4 after:bg-theme-gradient after:flex-1 after:content-[''] after:h-4px" :class="{ 'hidden' : !content.length }">
		<div class="mr-3 mb-0 text-3xl font-bold font-headline text-royal-blue">Related Links</div>
	</div>

			
<a class="print:hidden" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/famous-supreme-court-cases.htm" data-track-gtm="Feature 1">
	<div class="flex up-next flex-col lg:flex-row lg:items-stretch mb-8">
					
	
								
		
		
																																																								
			<picture class="lazyload">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjQyMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMH19fQ=="><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjQyMH19fQ=="><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH19fQ==">
				<img class="bg-tan bg-gray-light bg-opacity-50" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAJCAQAAACRI2S5AAAAEElEQVR42mNkIAAYRxWAAQAG9gAKqv6+AwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH19fQ==" alt="Women protest outdoors for better education." width="600" height="337" border="0">
			</picture>
			<noscript>
				"<img src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtY2FzZXMtNS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH19fQ==" width="600" alt="Women&#x20;protest&#x20;outdoors&#x20;for&#x20;better&#x20;education." border="0">"
			</noscript>

		
	
				<div class="bg-tan p-4 lg:min-w-300 flex-grow">
			<div class="hidden md:block font-bold text-black">Up Next</div>
			<div class="text-xl font-bold mb-2">You Know These 7 Supreme Court Cases by Name, But What Did They Decide?</div>
						<span class="btn inline-block lg:hidden xl:inline-block py-2 px-7 xl:text-base">Explore More</span>
		</div>
	</div>
</a>	
	<div class="grid grid-cols-1 grid-rows-6 lg:grid-cols-3 lg:grid-rows-2 gap-8 mb-8">

		<template x-for="(c, i) in content.slice(0, 6)" :key="i">
			<a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))"></span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title"></div>
	</div>

</a>		</template><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" data-track-gtm="" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/democracy-vs-republic.htm" target="_self" data-block="0">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2RlbW9jcmFjeS1yZXB1YmxpYy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOiIzMDAifX19" alt="people raising hands" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">Democracy vs. Republic: What's the Difference?</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" data-track-gtm="" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/constitutional-crisis.htm" target="_self" data-block="1">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2NvbnN0aXR1dGlvbmFsLWNyaXNpcy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOiIzMDAifX19" alt="Donald Trump Mitch McConnell" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">What Is a Constitutional Crisis?</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" data-track-gtm="" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/executive-powers.htm" target="_self" data-block="2">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2V4ZWNwb3dlcnMtb3JpZ2EuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjoiMzAwIn19fQ==" alt="Teddy Roosevelt" width="1300" height="732">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">How Executive Powers Work</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" data-track-gtm="" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/executive-order.htm" target="_self" data-block="3">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2V4ZWN1dGl2ZS1vcmRlci00LmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6IjMwMCJ9fX0=" alt="Joe Biden signing executive order" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">How Executive Orders Work</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" data-track-gtm="" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/virginia-plan-vs-new-jersey-plan.htm" target="_self" data-block="4">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3BsYW5zLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6IjMwMCJ9fX0=" alt="Circular vector illustration design diagram." width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">The Virginia Plan vs. the New Jersey Plan:  A Constitutional Grudge Match</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :data-track-gtm="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'Promoted' : '')" :class="(promoted &amp;&amp; i < 3 ? 'promoted-recirc-item' : '')" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" data-track-gtm="" href="https://history.howstuffworks.com/revolutionary-war/great-compromise.htm" target="_self" data-block="5">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2dyZWF0LWNvbXByb21pc2UtMS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOiIzMDAifX19" alt="Committe of Five" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">History</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">How the Great Compromise Saved a Fledgling United States</div>
	</div>

</a>

	</div>

			
<a class="print:hidden" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/president.htm" data-track-gtm="Feature 2">
	<div class="flex up-next flex-col lg:flex-row lg:items-stretch mb-8">
					
	
								
		
		
																																																								
			<picture class="lazyload">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjQyMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH0sInRvRm9ybWF0IjoiYXZpZiJ9fQ==" type="image/avif">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjMyMH19fQ=="><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjQyMH19fQ=="><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH19fQ==">
				<img class="bg-tan bg-gray-light bg-opacity-50" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAJCAQAAACRI2S5AAAAEElEQVR42mNkIAAYRxWAAQAG9gAKqv6+AwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH19fQ==" alt="U.S. Constitution is signed" width="600" height="337" border="0">
			</picture>
			<noscript>
				"<img src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3ByZXNpZGVudC0xNC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjYwMH19fQ==" width="600" alt="U.S.&#x20;Constitution&#x20;is&#x20;signed" border="0">"
			</noscript>

		
	
				<div class="bg-tan p-4 lg:min-w-300 flex-grow">
			<div class="hidden md:block font-bold text-black">You May Like</div>
			<div class="text-xl font-bold mb-2">How the U.S. President Works</div>
						<span class="btn inline-block lg:hidden xl:inline-block py-2 px-7 xl:text-base">Explore More</span>
		</div>
	</div>
</a>	
	<div class="grid grid-cols-1 grid-rows-6 lg:grid-cols-3 lg:grid-rows-2 gap-8 mb-8">

		<template x-for="(c, i) in content.slice(6, 12)" :key="i">
			<a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))"></span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title"></div>
	</div>

</a>		</template><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" href="https://history.howstuffworks.com/revolutionary-war/articles-confederation.htm" target="_self" data-block="0">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2FvYy5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOiIzMDAifX19" alt="Articles of Confederation	" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">History</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">How the Articles of Confederation Paved the Way for the U.S. Constitution</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" href="https://history.howstuffworks.com/historical-figures/john-adams.htm" target="_self" data-block="1">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2pvaG4tYWRhbXMuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjoiMzAwIn19fQ==" alt="Men proudly displaying American flag in star shape." width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">History</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">Why John Adams Despised Being Vice President</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/congressional-investigations.htm" target="_self" data-block="2">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2NvbmdyZXNzLWludmVzdGlnYXRlLTEuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjoiMzAwIn19fQ==" alt="Senate Watergate committee" width="1002" height="564">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">How Congressional Investigations Work</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/supreme-court-appointment.htm" target="_self" data-block="3">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3Njb3R1cy1hcHBvaW50bWVudHMtdXBkYXRlZC5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOiIzMDAifX19" alt="Ketanji Brown Jackson" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">How Supreme Court Appointments Work</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/can-ignore-subpoena.htm" target="_self" data-block="4">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL2lnbm9yZS1zdWJwb2VuYS11cGRhdGUyLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6IjMwMCJ9fX0=" alt="January 6 Committee" width="1600" height="900">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">Can You Ignore a Subpoena?</div>
	</div>

</a><a class="flex flex-col text-white group transition-none bg-gray" :href="c.href + (c.query_string ? '?' + c.query_string : '')" :target="(c.href.indexOf(HSW.domain + '.com') === -1 ? '_blank' : '_self')" :data-block="i" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/what-is-the-revolving-door.htm" target="_self" data-block="5">

	<picture class="lazyload">
		<img decoding="async" src="" :data-src="c.hero_image" :alt="c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag ? c.hero_image_specs.alt_tag : c.title" :width="c.hero_image_specs.width" :height="c.hero_image_specs.height" class="block object-cover w-100 group-hover:opacity-75 mx-auto" style="min-height: 10.9375rem; height: 8.75rem; transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out;" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL3Jldm9sdmluZy1kb29yLTEuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjoiMzAwIn19fQ==" alt="revolving door" width="200" height="300">
	</picture>


	<div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden text-lg font-bold font-headline bg-accent-2 mb-0 py-2 px-3 pb-4 group-hover:text-white md:leading-tight">
  	<span class="inline-block text-sm mb-2" x-text="c.category ? c.category.title : (c.site ? c.site.title : (c.curation_category ? c.curation_category[1].title : ''))">People</span>
		<div class="line-clamp-3" x-text="c.title">What is the Revolving Door?</div>
	</div>

</a>

	</div>

			
<a class="print:hidden" href="https://people.howstuffworks.com/10-things-that-arent-free-speech.htm" data-track-gtm="Feature 3">
	<div class="flex up-next flex-col lg:flex-row lg:items-stretch mb-8">
					
	
								
		
		
																																																								
			<picture class="lazyload">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6MzIwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NDIwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" type="image/avif"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NjAwfSwidG9Gb3JtYXQiOiJhdmlmIn19" type="image/avif">
				<source media="(max-width: 320px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6MzIwfX19"><source media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 599px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NDIwfX19"><source media="(min-width: 600px)" data-srcset="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NjAwfX19">
				<img class="bg-tan bg-gray-light bg-opacity-50" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAJCAQAAACRI2S5AAAAEElEQVR42mNkIAAYRxWAAQAG9gAKqv6+AwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NjAwfX19" alt="girl on school desk" width="600" height="399" border="0">
			</picture>
			<noscript>
				"<img src="https://media.hswstatic.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250ZW50Lmhzd3N0YXRpYy5jb20iLCJrZXkiOiJnaWZcL25vdC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vcmlnLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6NjAwfX19" width="600" alt="girl&#x20;on&#x20;school&#x20;desk" border="0">"
			</noscript>

		
	
				<div class="bg-tan p-4 lg:min-w-300 flex-grow">
			<div class="hidden md:block font-bold text-black">Keep Reading</div>
			<div class="text-xl font-bold mb-2">10 Things That Aren't Free Speech</div>
						<span class="btn inline-block lg:hidden xl:inline-block py-2 px-7 xl:text-base">Explore More</span>
		</div>
	</div>
</a>	

</div>					

			<script>
	(function () {
		var mw = 1200;
		if (!dfpSettings.isMobile && HSW.utilities.getViewportWidth() < mw) {
			var el = document.getElementById('ad-wrap-inline1');
			var d  = el.previousElementSibling;
			el.parentNode.removeChild(el);
			if (d.classList.contains('ad-disclaimer')) {
				d.parentNode.removeChild(d);
			}
		}
	})();
	</script>
	


		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden md:hidden h-min-400 mb-6">
		<div class="sticky top-99">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 md:hidden">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-mobinline0" class="print:hidden md:hidden ad-inline ad-mobinline bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-mobinline0" class="ad-tag h-max-250"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
<script>
(function () {
	if (HSW.utilities.isMobile() && pageMetricsData.continuousUX) {
		const nodes = document.querySelectorAll('.ad-mobinline');
		var maxId = 0;
		nodes.forEach((n) => {
			let idStr = n.getAttribute('id');
			let id = parseInt(idStr.replace('ad-wrap-mobinline', ''));
			maxId = Math.max(maxId, id);
		});
		const newId = maxId + 1;
		document.getElementById('ad-wrap-mobinline0').setAttribute('id', 'ad-wrap-mobinline' + newId);
		document.getElementById('ad-div-mobinline0').setAttribute('id', 'ad-div-mobinline' + newId);
	}
})();
</script><div class="mb-8" id="continuous-load" x-data="continuousLoad()" x-init="init()" x-show="pendingItems" @populate-pending.window="pendingItems = $event.detail.items" @disable-continuous.window="if ($event.detail.disabled) { shutdown() }">

	<div id="continuously-loaded"></div>

	<div class="h-64 w-full flex text-royal-blue items-center justify-center" id="continuous-load-trigger">
		<svg class="animate-spin -ml-1 mr-3 h-5 w-5 " xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
			<circle class="opacity-25" cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="4"></circle>
			<path class="opacity-75" fill="currentColor" d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4zm2 5.291A7.962 7.962 0 014 12H0c0 3.042 1.135 5.824 3 7.938l3-2.647z"></path>
		</svg>
		<span>Loading...</span>
	</div>

</div>

<script>
function continuousLoad(){return{originalUrl:null,originalPageMetricsData:null,triggerElement:null,observer:null,orgObserver:null,pendingItems:[],items:[],newContentObserver:null,fetching:!1,disabled:!1,init(){const t=this;this.originalUrl=location.href,this.originalPageMetricsData={...pageMetricsData},this.triggerElement=document.querySelector("#continuous-load-trigger"),this.loadedDiv=document.querySelector("#continuously-loaded"),"off"!==HSW.utilities.hashArgs.continuous?this.disabled?this.triggerElement.parentNode.removeChild(this.triggerElement):(this.observer=new IntersectionObserver(function(e){!0===e[0].isIntersecting&&t.getNextContent()},{rootMargin:"1000px 0px",threshold:0}),this.observer.observe(this.triggerElement),this.newContentObserver=new IntersectionObserver(function(e){var i=null;if(e.forEach(t=>{t.isIntersecting&&t.intersectionRatio>0&&(i=t.target)}),i){let e=i.dataset.contentId;if(pageMetricsData.contentid==e)return;let a=t.itemByContentId(e);if(!1===a)return;if(pageMetricsData={...a},history.pushState&&location.href!=pageMetricsData.href)try{history.pushState(null,pageMetricsData.title+" | HowStuffWorks",pageMetricsData.href)}catch(t){console.warn(t)}document.title=pageMetricsData.title+" | HowStuffWorks",Alpine.store("share",{title:pageMetricsData.title,url:pageMetricsData.href,image:pageMetricsData.image})}},{threshold:[0]})):this.triggerElement.parentNode.removeChild(this.triggerElement)},itemByContentId(t){var e=!1;return this.items.forEach(i=>{i.contentid==t&&(e=i)}),e},getNextContent(){if(!this.pendingItems||!this.pendingItems.length||this.disabled)return;if(this.fetching)return;this.fetching=!0;const t=this;0===this.items.length&&history.pushState&&null===this.orgObserver&&(this.orgObserver=new IntersectionObserver(function(e){if(!1===e[0].isIntersecting&&history.pushState&&location.href!=t.originalUrl){let e={...t.originalPageMetricsData};pageMetricsData=e,document.title=pageMetricsData.title+" | HowStuffWorks",history.pushState(null,document.title,t.originalUrl),Alpine.store("share",{title:pageMetricsData.title,url:location.href,image:pageMetricsData.image})}},{threshold:[0]}),this.orgObserver.observe(document.getElementById("continuously-loaded")));const e=this.pendingItems.shift(),i=this.items.length+2;if(HSW.utilities.isMobile()){var a=0;document.querySelectorAll(".ad-mobinline").forEach(t=>{let e=t.getAttribute("id"),i=parseInt(e.replace("ad-wrap-mobinline",""));a=Math.max(a,i)});var r=a+1}try{fetch(`${HSW.domainApi}/continuous/${e}`).then(t=>t.json()).then(a=>{let n=function(t){var e=`<div id="content-loaded-${t.id}" class="new-content-loaded" style="contain: layout;">\n\t\t\t\t<div class="page-title flex flex-rows items-center mb-4">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class="flex-grow font-headline text-3xl md:text-5xl text-royal-blue leading-tighter">${t.title}</h1>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<p class="mb-4">`;t.byline_authors_html&&(e+=`By: ${t.byline_authors_html}`),t.byline_authors_html&&t.byline_date_html&&(e+="&nbsp;|&nbsp;"),t.byline_date_html&&(e+=t.byline_date_html);var i=t.body_html.replaceAll('"pt','"pt'+t.id+"_");return e+=`\n\t\t\t\t</p>\n\t\t\t\t<div class="bg-hsw-gradient w-100 mb-4"></div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class="editorial-body mb-8">${i=i.replaceAll("#pt","#pt"+t.id+"_")}</div>\n\n\t\t\t</div>`}(a);this.loadedDiv.innerHTML+=n,document.title=a.title+" | HowStuffWorks";let s="content-loaded-"+a.id,l=document.getElementById(s);l.dataset.contentId=a.id;let o=l.querySelectorAll(".lazyload");HSW.utilities.lazyLoadElements(o),HSW.ux.editorial.init({twitter:!0,facebook:!0,instagram:!0}),l.querySelectorAll(".toc a").forEach(t=>{t.addEventListener("click",t=>{t.preventDefault();let e=t.target.dataset.target,i=document.querySelector("a[name='"+e+"']");i?i.scrollIntoView({behavior:"auto"}):console.error("Unable to locate target with name "+e)})});try{if(userData.adsActive)if(HSW.utilities.isMobile()){l.querySelectorAll(".ad-mobinline").forEach(t=>{t.setAttribute("id","ad-wrap-mobinline"+r),t.childNodes[0].setAttribute("id","ad-div-mobinline"+r),void 0!==HSW.ads&&HSW.pq.add(()=>{HSW.ads.addNewUnits(["ad-div-mobinline"+r])},"ads"),r++})}else{let t=document.createElement("div");t.setAttribute("id","ad-after-"+e),t.classList.add("ad-inline","mb-8","bg-gray","w-max-full","h-min-90","text-center");let a=document.createElement("div");a.setAttribute("id","ad-div-inline"+i),t.appendChild(a),l.after(t),void 0!==HSW.ads&&HSW.pq.add(()=>{HSW.ads.addNewUnits(["ad-div-inline"+i])},"ads")}}catch(t){console.error(t)}if(window.setupSinglePageUX(l),history.pushState)try{history.pushState(null,a.title+" | HowStuffWorks",a.href)}catch(t){console.warn(t)}var c=[];a.taxonomy.forEach((t,e)=>{c[e]=t.title.toLowerCase()});var d=c.join("/"),h=[];a.authors.forEach((t,e)=>{h[e]=t.first_name.toLowerCase()+" "+t.last_name.toLowerCase()});var g=h.join(",");pageMetricsData.href=a.href,pageMetricsData.title=a.title,pageMetricsData.tax=d,pageMetricsData.aType=a.asset_type,pageMetricsData.cType=a.type+"-continuous",pageMetricsData.template=a.template,pageMetricsData.source=a.source,pageMetricsData.sponsor=a.sponsor,pageMetricsData.author=g,pageMetricsData.contentid=a.id,pageMetricsData.image=a.hero_image,pageMetricsData.page=0,pageMetricsData.pubDate=a.publish_date.slice(0,10),pageMetricsData.editDate=a.last_editorial_date.slice(0,10);const u=/[^\da-z_]/i;let p=HSW.utilities.isMobile()?"hsw_lite":"hsw";a.taxonomy.slice(1,3).forEach((t,e)=>{p+="|"+t.title.replace(u,"").toLowerCase()}),pageMetricsData.adUnit=p,Alpine.store("share",{title:pageMetricsData.title,url:pageMetricsData.href,image:pageMetricsData.image}),function(t,e){let i=t.href.split(".com/").pop();dataLayer.push({event:"virtual-page-view",virtualPageUrl:i,virtualPageTitle:document.title,pageNbr:0}),dataLayer.push({event:"raw-event-interactive",eventCategory:"page-interaction",eventAction:"continuous-load",eventLabel:"new-content",eventValue:e+1,virtualPageUrl:t.href})}(a,this.items.length);const m={...pageMetricsData};t.items.push(m);for(var f=document.getElementsByClassName("new-content-loaded"),v=0;v<f.length;v++)t.newContentObserver.observe(f[v]);t.fetching=!1})}catch(e){console.error(e),t.fetching=!1}var n;0===this.pendingItems.length&&((n=this).observer.unobserve(n.triggerElement),n.triggerElement.parentNode.removeChild(n.triggerElement),n.$dispatch("disable-ad-fill",{disabled:!0}))},shutdown(){this.triggerElement.parentNode.removeChild(this.triggerElement)}}}
</script>			
	

				</div>


				

			</div><div class="hidden print:hidden md:shrink-0 md:block relative flex-none col-rail" style="width: 300px; max-width: 300px;" data-track-gtm="Rail">
			
		

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden hidden md:block h-min-1000 mb-8">
		<div class="sticky top-0">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 hidden md:block">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-rail1" class="print:hidden hidden md:block bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-rail1" class="ad-tag h-max-600"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
	

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden hidden md:block h-min-1000 mb-8">
		<div class="sticky top-0">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 hidden md:block">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-rail2" class="print:hidden hidden md:block bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-rail2" class="ad-tag h-max-600"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
	

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden hidden md:block h-min-1000 mb-8">
		<div class="sticky top-0">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 hidden md:block">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-rail3" class="print:hidden hidden md:block bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-rail3" class="ad-tag h-max-600"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
	<div class="mb-8" id="ad-fill" x-data="adFill()" x-init="init(4)" @disable-ad-fill.window="disabled = $event.detail.disabled">

		<div id="rr-ad-fill"></div>

		<div class="h-64 w-full" id="continuous-ad-load-trigger"></div>

	</div>	

	<script>
	var railAdTemplate = `		

		<div class="sticky-container ad-container print:hidden hidden md:block h-min-1000 mb-8">
		<div class="sticky top-0">
	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 hidden md:block">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-rail9999" class="print:hidden hidden md:block bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-rail9999" class="ad-tag h-max-600"></div></div>		</div>
	</div>
	
	`;
	var railAdLastTemplate = `		

	<p class="ad-disclaimer clear-both text-xs text-center mb-1 hidden md:block">Advertisement</p>	<div id="ad-wrap-rail9999" class="print:hidden hidden md:block sticky top-0 mb-8 bg-gray w-max-full h-min-250"><div id="ad-div-rail9999" class="ad-tag h-max-600"></div></div>
	`;

	function adFill(){return{triggerElement:null,observer:null,isObserverPolyfilled:!1,nextIndex:0,maxIndex:30,disabled:!1,init(e){if("off"===HSW.utilities.hashArgs.ads)return;if("article-structured"==pageMetricsData.cType||HSW.utilities.isMobile()||!1===userData.adsActive)return;const t=this;this.triggerElement=document.querySelector("#continuous-ad-load-trigger"),this.nextIndex=e||this.nextIndex,"IntersectionObserver"in window&&"IntersectionObserverEntry"in window&&"isIntersecting"in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype&&"intersectionRatio"in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype?(this.observer=new IntersectionObserver(function(e){!0===e[0].isIntersecting&&t.getNextAd()},{rootMargin:"1000px 0px",threshold:.01}),this.observer.observe(this.triggerElement)):(this.isObserverPolyfilled=!0,window.alpineInfiniteRRScroll={scrollFunc(){var e=t.triggerElement.getBoundingClientRect();e.top<window.innerHeight&&e.bottom>=0&&t.getNextAd()}},window.addEventListener("scroll",window.alpineInfiniteRRScroll.scrollFunc))},getNextAd(){if(this.disabled)return;var e=document.createElement("template");let t=document.querySelectorAll(".col-rail .sticky-container")[this.nextIndex-2];if(this.nextIndex<this.maxIndex){var i=railAdTemplate.replaceAll("rail9999","rail"+this.nextIndex).trim();e.innerHTML=i;var n=e.content.firstChild;t.after(n)}else{i=railAdLastTemplate.replaceAll("rail9999","rail"+this.nextIndex).trim();e.innerHTML=i;var r=e.content.firstChild;n=e.content.lastChild;t.after(n),t.after(r)}if(HSW.pq.add(()=>{try{HSW.ads.addNewUnits(["ad-div-rail"+this.nextIndex])}catch(e){}},"ads"),this.nextIndex==this.maxIndex)return this.isObserverPolyfilled?window.removeEventListener("scroll",window.alpineInfiniteRRScroll.scrollFunc):this.observer.unobserve(this.triggerElement),void this.triggerElement.parentNode.removeChild(this.triggerElement);this.nextIndex++}}}
	</script>
	
			</div>
		</div>
		

	</div>
	
	</main>

	
		

	<script>var nlValidLocs=["Newsletter","Popup","Footer","Chatbox"],nlIsLanding=["home page","landing page"].contains(pageMetricsData.aType),nlShown=!1,nlModalTimer=!1,nlIconTimer=!1,nlBannerTimer=!1,nlDialogueDone=!1;function ajaxNewsletterForm(e,t,n,i){var s=document.getElementById(e);document.getElementById(t).addEventListener("click",function(a){a.preventDefault();var l=document.getElementById(t);l.disabled=!0;var o=document.getElementById(i),r=document.getElementById(n);if(o.classList.add("hidden"),r.classList.add("hidden"),"chatbox-form"==e){var c=document.getElementById("cbc-3");document.getElementById("cbt-3").innerHTML=s.querySelector("input[type='email']").value,c.classList.remove("hidden");var d=document.getElementById("cbc-4")}if(isValidEmail(s)){var u=s.querySelector("input[name='website']");if(u.value&&u.value.length)return!1;"chatbox-success"==n?(r.innerHTML="Subscribing...",d.classList.remove("hidden")):(r.innerHTML="Subscribing...",r.classList.remove("hidden")),submitSubscribeForm(s,r,o)}else o.innerHTML="Please provide a valid email address.","chatbox-form"==e&&d.classList.remove("hidden"),o.classList.remove("hidden"),l.disabled=!1})}function submitSubscribeForm(e,t,n){var i=new XMLHttpRequest;i.open("POST","/newsletter/signup",!0),i.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");var s=new FormData(e),a=new URLSearchParams(s).toString();n.classList.add("hidden"),t.classList.add("hidden"),i.onload=function(){if(this.status>=200&&this.status<400){var i=JSON.parse(this.response);if(0==i.error){if("chatbox-success"==t.id){t.innerHTML='<div>You\'re subscribed!</div><div class="ml-1"><img src="https://cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/raising-hands.png"/></div>';var s=e.querySelector("input[name='email']");s.classList.remove("text-gray-darkest"),s.classList.add("text-gray-dark"),s.value="You're subscribed!",document.getElementById("nlcb-dot").classList.add("invisible"),document.getElementById("nlcb-icon").classList.remove("animate-wiggle")}else t.innerHTML=i.message;t.classList.remove("hidden");var a=document.getElementById("signup-form");void 0!==a&&null!=a&&a.classList.add("hidden");var l=document.getElementById("signup-success");void 0!==l&&null!=l&&l.classList.remove("hidden");var o=e.querySelector("input[name='formloc']");dataLayer&&"object"==typeof o&&o.value&&o.value.length&&nlValidLocs.includes(o.value)&&dataLayer.push({url:location.pathname+location.hash,eventCategory:"page-interaction",eventAction:"subscribe",event:"raw-event-interactive",eventLabel:"MailChimp : "+o.value+" : Subscribe"}),setCookie("hsw_nlsub","Y",3154e7)}else{if(n.innerHTML=i.message,n.classList.remove("hidden"),"chatbox-success"==t.id)var r=e.querySelector("button");else r=e.querySelector("input[type='submit']");r.disabled=!1}}else n.innerHTML=i.message,n.classList.remove("hidden")},i.onerror=function(){n.innerHTML=data.message,n.classList.remove("hidden")},i.send(a)}function isValidEmail(e){var t=e.querySelector("input[type='email']");return!(""==t.value||!/^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)+$/gim.test(t.value))}function initNewsletterModal(e){!0!==HSW.utilities.isMobile()&&!0!==HSW.utilities.hasNewsletterCookie()&&!0!==fromNl&&!0!==nlIsLanding&&HSW.pq.add(()=>{nlModalTimer=setTimeout(function(){ajaxNewsletterForm("popup-form","popup-subscribe","popup-success","popup-failure"),e("newsletter-modal"),newsletterShown("Popup")},2e4)})}function initNewsletterChatbox(e){!1===HSW.utilities.isMobile()||!0===HSW.utilities.hasNewsletterCookie()||!0===fromNl||nlIsLanding||HSW.pq.add(()=>{document.getElementById("nlcb").classList.replace("hidden","flex");var t=document.referrer;t.includes("howstuffworks.com")||t.includes("hswinternal.com")?document.getElementById("nlcb-dot").classList.remove("invisible"):(nlIconTimer=setTimeout(function(){document.getElementById("nlcb-dot").classList.remove("invisible"),document.getElementById("nlcb-icon").classList.add("animate-wiggle")},5e3),nlBannerTimer=setTimeout(function(){var e=document.getElementById("nlcb-banner");e.classList.add("animate-fadein"),e.classList.replace("hidden","flex")},5200)),document.getElementById("nlcb-banner-close").addEventListener("click",function(e){e.preventDefault(),document.getElementById("nlcb-banner").classList.replace("flex","hidden")}),ajaxNewsletterForm("chatbox-form","chatbox-subscribe","chatbox-success","chatbox-success"),e("newsletter-chatbox")})}function newsletterShown(e){!1===window.nlShown&&(setCookie("hsw_nl","Y",2592e6),dataLayer&&nlValidLocs.includes(e)&&dataLayer.push({url:location.pathname+location.hash,eventCategory:"page-interaction",eventAction:"shown",event:"raw-event",eventLabel:"MailChimp : "+e+" : Shown"})),window.nlShown=!0}function cancelTimers(){clearTimeout(nlIconTimer),clearTimeout(nlBannerTimer)}function startDialogue(){newsletterShown("Chatbox"),document.getElementById("nlcb-banner").classList.replace("flex","hidden");document.getElementById("chatbox-success");if(0==nlDialogueDone){var e=1;['<div>Hey there!</div><div class="mt-1 ml-1"><img src="https://cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/waving-hand-sign.png"/></div>',"<div>It's a crazy world out there. If you'd like to stay up to date (or go down really fun rabbit holes), we think you'd really like our newsletter. Unsubscribe anytime.</div>","<div>Enter your email to get our newsletter.</div>"].forEach(function(t,n){var i=document.getElementById("cbc-"+n);setTimeout(function(){i.classList.replace("hidden","flex")},e),e+=900;var s=document.getElementById("cbt-"+n);setTimeout(function(){s.innerHTML=t},e),e+=1100}),nlDialogueDone=!0}}</script>
		<div id="async-footer">	<div x-data="{ open: false }" x-init="initNewsletterModal($dispatch)" x-show="open" @newsletter-modal.window="open = !open" id="newsletter-modal" class="newsletter-modal fixed z-10 inset-0 overflow-y-auto" style="display: none;">
	<div class="flex items-end justify-center min-h-screen pt-4 px-4 pb-20 text-center sm:block sm:p-0">
		<div x-show="open" x-description="Background overlay, show/hide based on modal state." x-transition:enter="ease-out duration-300" x-transition:enter-start="opacity-0" x-transition:enter-end="opacity-100" x-transition:leave="ease-in duration-200" x-transition:leave-start="opacity-100" x-transition:leave-end="opacity-0" class="fixed inset-0 transition-opacity" style="display: none;">
			<div class="absolute inset-0 bg-black opacity-75"></div>
		</div>
		<span class="hidden sm:inline-block sm:align-middle sm:h-screen"></span>
		<div class="inline-block overflow-hidden transition-all align-middle max-w-md w-full">
			<div class="relative bg-gray border border-gray rounded-xl mx-auto">
				<div class="bg-mid-blue h-4 rounded-t-xl"></div>
				<div id="signup-form" class="bg-gray-light text-center p-6 rounded-b-xl relative">
					<div id="newsletter-text" class="mb-3 text-xl text-gray-darker font-bold">We're as obsessed with finding answers as you are.</div>
					<form id="popup-form" x-data="{cta : (userData.country == 'US') ? 'Get the HowStuffWorks Newsletter' : 'Subscribe to our free newsletter'}">
						<input type="hidden" name="formloc" value="Popup">
						<input type="hidden" name="c" x-data="{ c : userData.country }" :value="c" value="ES">
						<div class="mb-3">
							<input type="email" value="" name="email" placeholder="Enter your email" class="w-full border border-gray text-sm px-4 py-3 focus:outline-none placeholder-gray-dark text-gray-darkest required">
							<div x-data="{ visible : userData.country != 'US' }" x-show="visible" class="mt-2 text-md text-gray-darker">Send me the latest news in science, culture and tech!</div>
						</div>
						<div class="mb-2"><div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true"><input name="website" type="text" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" value=""></div>
							<input type="submit" :value="cta" name="subscribe" id="popup-subscribe" class="w-full py-3 bg-mid-blue text-white text-sm font-bold inline-block cursor-pointer" value="Subscribe to our free newsletter">
						</div>
						<div id="popup-success" class="hidden text-gray-dark p-2"></div>
						<div id="popup-failure" class="hidden text-gray-dark p-2"></div>
					</form>
				</div>
				<div id="signup-success" class="bg-gray-light text-center p-6 rounded-b-xl relative hidden">
					<div class="mb-3 text-xl text-gray-darker font-bold">Success</div>
					<div class="text-gray-dark p-2">You are now subscribed.</div>
					<button id="newsletter-continue" @click="open = false" class="w-full py-3 bg-mid-blue text-white text-md font-bold inline-block cursor-pointer">Continue</button>
				</div>
				<div class="absolute top-5 right-0 p-1">
					<svg @click="open = false;" class="h-6 w-6" role="button" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><title>Close</title><path d="M14.348 14.849a1.2 1.2 0 0 1-1.697 0L10 11.819l-2.651 3.029a1.2 1.2 0 1 1-1.697-1.697l2.758-3.15-2.759-3.152a1.2 1.2 0 1 1 1.697-1.697L10 8.183l2.651-3.031a1.2 1.2 0 1 1 1.697 1.697l-2.758 3.152 2.758 3.15a1.2 1.2 0 0 1 0 1.698z"></path></svg>
				</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>
	<aside class="w-full lazyload bg-gray-darkest print:hidden" data-background="//cdn.hswstatic.com/en-us/hsw/img/escher-pattern.png">
	<div class="w-full px-6 py-12 text-white text-center" style="background-image: linear-gradient(102deg, rgba(43,43,92,.7) 0%, rgba(21,115,166,.7) 27%, rgba(21,114,165,.7) 76%, rgba(22,111,162,.7) 85%, rgba(21,115,166,.7) 89%, rgba(30,162,160,.7) 100%);">
		<div class="mb-2 text-2xl font-bold">Newsletter Sign Up</div>

		<form id="subscribe-form" class="validate" x-data="{cta : (userData.country == 'US') ? 'SIGN UP' : 'Subscribe'}">
			<div x-data="{ visible : userData.country != 'US' }" x-show="visible" class="mb-3 text-xl text-white">Send me the latest news in science, culture and tech!</div>
			<div class="flex flex-col lg:flex-row max-w-500 mx-auto">
				<input type="hidden" name="formloc" value="Footer" aria-hidden="true">
				<input type="hidden" name="c" x-data="{ c : userData.country }" :value="c" value="ES">
				<input type="email" name="email" class="focus:outline-none flex-1 block px-4 py-2 w-full placeholder-gray-dark text-dark-gray transition duration-150 ease-in-out text-xl sm:leading-5" placeholder="[email protected]">
				<input type="submit" id="subscribe-submit" class="btn self-center lg:self-start mt-3 lg:mt-0 text-xl bg-green text-white px-11 py-4" :value="cta" value="Subscribe">
			</div>
			<div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true"><input name="website" type="text" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" value=""></div>
			<div id="subscribe-success" class="mt-3 text-lg hidden"></div>
			<div id="subscribe-failure" class="mt-3 text-lg hidden"></div>
		</form>

	</div>
</aside>

<footer>
	

<div class="bg-royal-blue text-white w-full max-w-full pb-24 md:pb-0 print:hidden">

	<div class="w-full md:w-11/12 w-max-1600 mx-auto px-8 md:px-2 py-8 footer-content" data-track-gtm="Footer">

		<div class="flex flex-col lg:flex-row">
			<div class="flex-1 mb-8 md:mb-4">
				<a href="//www.howstuffworks.com/" data-track-gtm="Logo">
					<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 500 90.1" enable-background="new 0 0 500 90.1" xml:space="preserve" style="width: 195px; height: 35px;" class="my-4" aria-labelledby="footerLogoTitle" role="img">
						<title id="footerLogoTitle">HowStuffWorks Logo</title>
					<g>
						<path id="Path_9" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M379.4,51.3c12,0,20.2,7.9,20.2,19.3
							s-8.4,19.4-20.2,19.4c-12.1,0-20.3-7.9-20.3-19.3C359,59.2,367.3,51.3,379.4,51.3z M486.7,51.2c4.2-0.1,8.3,1.3,11.5,3.9l-4.9,6
							c-1.6-1.5-3.7-2.3-5.9-2.4c-1.9-0.2-3.6,1.2-3.8,3c0,1.8,0.9,2.4,5.6,4.1c8.4,3,10.8,5.6,10.8,11.4c0,7.7-6.2,13-14.8,13
							c-5.2,0-10.1-2.2-13.5-6.1l5.2-6.2c2,2.6,5.1,4.1,8.4,4.3c2.3,0.2,4.3-1.5,4.5-3.8c0,0,0-0.1,0-0.1c0-2.2-1-2.9-5.5-4.6
							c-8.4-3.1-10.3-5.1-10.3-10.7C474,56,479.2,51.2,486.7,51.2L486.7,51.2z M329.5,51.5l9.7,22.4l9.6-21.4h11.1l-18.3,37.2h-4.6
							l-9.6-22.2l-9.4,22.2h-4.6l-18.2-37.2h11.1l9.3,21l9.7-22.1L329.5,51.5z M425.9,51.3c1.5,0,2.9,0.3,4.3,0.8l-1.4,9.6
							c-1.4-0.9-3-1.3-4.7-1.3c-5.8,0-8.6,3.5-8.6,10.9V89h-9.9V52.5h9.9V58C417.3,53.9,421.4,51.3,425.9,51.3L425.9,51.3z M443.3,25.9
							v39.9l13.3-13.3H470l-16.6,16L471.4,89h-13.6l-13.4-15.6l-1.1,1.1V89h-9.9v-63L443.3,25.9z M379.3,60.5
							c-5.6-0.1-10.3,4.4-10.4,10.1c-0.1,5.6,4.4,10.3,10.1,10.4c5.6,0.1,10.3-4.4,10.4-10.1c0,0,0-0.1,0-0.1
							C389.4,65.2,384.9,60.6,379.3,60.5C379.3,60.5,379.3,60.5,379.3,60.5z M381.9,0c9.4,0,18.5,5.3,18.5,17.1
							c0,14.7-14.8,16.3-14.8,26.4v1.8h-11.5v-2.6c0-13.7,14.3-15.2,14.3-25.5c0.2-3.5-2.5-6.5-6-6.8c-0.3,0-0.6,0-0.9,0
							c-4.8,0-7.2,3.2-7.2,7.9v1h-11.5C362.9,7.4,370.2,0,381.9,0L381.9,0z"></path>
						<path id="Path_10" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M60.5,51.3c12,0,20.2,7.9,20.2,19.3
							s-8.4,19.4-20.2,19.4c-12.1,0-20.3-7.9-20.3-19.3C40.1,59.2,48.4,51.3,60.5,51.3z M114.4,51.5l9.7,22.4l9.6-21.4h11.1l-18.4,37.2
							h-4.6l-9.6-22.2l-9.4,22.2h-4.6L80,52.5h11.1l9.3,21l9.7-22.1L114.4,51.5z M9.9,25.9v31.3c2.4-3.8,6.6-6.1,11.1-5.9
							c3.9-0.1,7.7,1.5,10.3,4.5c2.1,2.5,2.8,5,2.8,10.3v22.9h-9.9V69c0-6.5-1.9-9-6.8-9c-5.1,0-7.5,3.3-7.5,10.3v18.7H0v-63H9.9z
							 M60.4,60.5c-5.6-0.1-10.3,4.4-10.4,10.1c-0.1,5.6,4.4,10.3,10.1,10.4c5.6,0.1,10.3-4.4,10.4-10.1c0,0,0-0.1,0-0.1
							C70.5,65.2,66,60.6,60.4,60.5z"></path>
						<path id="Path_11" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M160.4,51.2c4.2-0.1,8.3,1.3,11.5,3.9l-4.9,6
							c-1.6-1.5-3.7-2.3-5.9-2.4c-1.9-0.2-3.6,1.2-3.8,3c0,1.8,0.9,2.4,5.6,4.1c8.4,3,10.8,5.6,10.8,11.4c0,7.7-6.2,13-14.8,13
							c-5.2,0-10.1-2.2-13.5-6.1l5.2-6.2c2,2.6,5.1,4.1,8.4,4.3c2.3,0.2,4.3-1.5,4.5-3.8c0,0,0-0.1,0-0.1c0-2.2-1-2.9-5.5-4.6
							c-8.4-3.1-10.3-5.1-10.3-10.7C147.7,56,153,51.2,160.4,51.2L160.4,51.2z M213.6,52.5v20.6c0,5.5,2.5,8.3,7.2,8.3s7.2-2.9,7.2-8.3
							V52.5h10v22.3c0,9.8-6.2,15.3-17.2,15.3s-17.1-5.5-17.1-15.3V52.5L213.6,52.5z M191.5,40.1v12.4h7v8.7h-7V89h-9.9V61.3h-3.9v-8.7
							h3.9V40.1L191.5,40.1z M261.7,24.9c1.8,0,3.6,0.4,5.2,1.3v9.3c-1.4-0.9-3-1.3-4.6-1.4c-3.3,0-4.6,2.3-4.6,8.2v10.2h9.2v8.7h-9.2V89
							h-9.9V61.3H244v-8.7h3.8V40.8c0-6.2,1.2-9.5,4.8-12.4C255.1,26.2,258.3,25,261.7,24.9L261.7,24.9z M287.5,24.9
							c1.8,0,3.6,0.4,5.2,1.3v9.3c-1.4-0.9-3-1.3-4.6-1.4c-3.3,0-4.6,2.3-4.6,8.2v10.2h9.2v8.7h-9.2V89h-9.9V61.3h-3.8v-8.7h3.8V40.8
							c0-6.2,1.2-9.5,4.8-12.4C280.9,26.2,284.1,25,287.5,24.9L287.5,24.9z"></path>
					</g>
					</svg>
				</a>

				<p class="mb-4">Learn How Everything Works!</p>

				<ul class="flex">
					<li class="mr-4 self-center">
						<a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.facebook.com/HowStuffWorks" title="Visit HowStuffWorks on Facebook">
							<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35.997" height="35.779" viewBox="0 0 35.997 35.779" aria-labelledby="footerFacebookTitle" role="img">
								<title id="footerFacebookTitle">HowStuffWorks on Facebook</title>
								<path d="M36,18a18,18,0,1,0-20.811,17.78V23.2h-4.57V18h4.57V14.033c0-4.511,2.687-7,6.8-7a27.68,27.68,0,0,1,4.029.352v4.429H23.744a2.6,2.6,0,0,0-2.933,2.811V18H25.8L25,23.2H20.811V35.779A18,18,0,0,0,36,18Z"></path>
							</svg>
						</a>
					</li>
					<li class="mr-4 self-center">
						<a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/HowStuffWorks?sub_confirmation=1" title="Visit HowStuffWorks on YouTube">
							<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="35.987" height="25.15" viewBox="0 0 35.987 25.15" aria-labelledby="footerYouTubeTitle" role="img">
								<title id="footerYouTubeTitle">HowStuffWorks on YouTube</title>
								<path d="M35.243,9.307a4.51,4.51,0,0,0-3.132-3.132c-2.805-.752-14.094-.752-14.094-.752s-11.26-.015-14.094.752A4.51,4.51,0,0,0,.791,9.307a46.871,46.871,0,0,0-.783,8.708A46.87,46.87,0,0,0,.791,26.69a4.511,4.511,0,0,0,3.132,3.132c2.8.753,14.094.753,14.094.753s11.259,0,14.094-.753a4.511,4.511,0,0,0,3.132-3.132,46.871,46.871,0,0,0,.75-8.674,46.87,46.87,0,0,0-.75-8.707ZM14.413,23.4V12.612l9.4,5.4Z" transform="translate(-0.007 -5.424)"></path>
							</svg>
						</a>
					</li>
					<li class="mr-4 self-center">
						<a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.instagram.com/howstuffworks/" title="Visit HowStuffWorks on Instagram">
							<svg class="fill-current" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36" aria-labelledby="footerInstagramTitle" role="img">
								<title id="footerInstagramTitle">HowStuffWorks on Instagram</title>
								<path d="M18,0c-4.89,0-5.5.023-7.42.108A13.273,13.273,0,0,0,6.21.945,8.815,8.815,0,0,0,3.021,3.021,8.783,8.783,0,0,0,.945,6.21a13.234,13.234,0,0,0-.837,4.37C.018,12.5,0,13.11,0,18s.023,5.5.108,7.42a13.281,13.281,0,0,0,.837,4.37,8.827,8.827,0,0,0,2.076,3.189A8.8,8.8,0,0,0,6.21,35.055a13.289,13.289,0,0,0,4.37.837c1.92.09,2.53.108,7.42.108s5.5-.022,7.42-.108a13.32,13.32,0,0,0,4.37-.837,9.2,9.2,0,0,0,5.265-5.265,13.281,13.281,0,0,0,.837-4.369C35.982,23.5,36,22.89,36,18s-.022-5.5-.108-7.42a13.312,13.312,0,0,0-.837-4.37,8.834,8.834,0,0,0-2.076-3.189A8.77,8.77,0,0,0,29.79.945,13.242,13.242,0,0,0,25.421.108C23.5.018,22.89,0,18,0Zm0,3.24c4.8,0,5.378.024,7.275.106a9.917,9.917,0,0,1,3.34.622,5.923,5.923,0,0,1,3.417,3.415,9.938,9.938,0,0,1,.619,3.34c.085,1.9.1,2.469.1,7.275s-.022,5.378-.111,7.275a10.13,10.13,0,0,1-.632,3.34,5.715,5.715,0,0,1-1.348,2.073,5.616,5.616,0,0,1-2.07,1.344,10.011,10.011,0,0,1-3.353.619c-1.911.085-2.473.1-7.288.1s-5.379-.022-7.288-.111a10.207,10.207,0,0,1-3.354-.632,5.574,5.574,0,0,1-2.069-1.348,5.466,5.466,0,0,1-1.35-2.07,10.215,10.215,0,0,1-.63-3.353c-.068-1.89-.092-2.473-.092-7.266s.024-5.379.092-7.292a10.2,10.2,0,0,1,.63-3.351,5.336,5.336,0,0,1,1.35-2.071A5.324,5.324,0,0,1,7.313,3.917a9.963,9.963,0,0,1,3.332-.632c1.913-.068,2.475-.09,7.288-.09L18,3.24Zm0,5.517A9.243,9.243,0,1,0,27.243,18,9.242,9.242,0,0,0,18,8.757ZM18,24a6,6,0,1,1,6-6A6,6,0,0,1,18,24ZM29.769,8.392a2.16,2.16,0,1,1-2.16-2.158A2.162,2.162,0,0,1,29.769,8.392Z"></path>
							</svg>
						</a>
					</li>
				</ul>

			</div>
			<div class="flex-1 mb-4" id="footer-links-company" data-track-gtm="Company" x-data="{ isOpen : true }" x-init="isOpen = !HSW.utilities.isMobile()">
				<p class="font-bold text-xl">
					


<span class="flex cursor-pointer justify-between md:justify-start" @click="isOpen = !isOpen" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="company_links" role="button">

	
		<span>Company</span>

			<svg class="mt-3 ml-3 md:hidden print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !isOpen, '' : isOpen }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
</span>
				</p>
				<ul id="company_links" class="list-none" x-show.transition="isOpen === true">
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.howstuffworks.com/about-hsw.htm">About</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://system1.com/job-openings">Careers</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="//www.howstuffworks.com/hsw-contact.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Contact Us</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="//www.howstuffworks.com/faq.htm">Help</a></li>
					<li class="d-md-none"><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.howstuffworks.com/sitemap.htm">Sitemap</a></li>
				</ul>
			</div>
			<div class="flex-1 mb-4" id="footer-links-info" data-track-gtm="Information" x-data="{ isOpen : true }" x-init="isOpen = !HSW.utilities.isMobile()">
				<p class="font-bold text-xl">
					


<span class="flex cursor-pointer justify-between md:justify-start" @click="isOpen = !isOpen" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="information_links" role="button">

	
		<span>Information</span>

			<svg class="mt-3 ml-3 md:hidden print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !isOpen, '' : isOpen }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
</span>				</p>
				<ul id="information_links" class="list-none" x-show.transition="isOpen === true">
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="//www.howstuffworks.com/terms-and-conditions.htm">Terms</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.parsintl.com/publication/howstuffworks/">Reprints</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li>
										<li id="footer-consent-link-container"><button data-track-gtm="Consent Change" class="text-white hover:text-green footer-consent-link ot-sdk-show-settings">Manage Preferences</button></li>
									</ul>
			</div>
			<div class="flex-1 mb-4" id="footer-links-explore" data-track-gtm="Explore" x-data="{ isOpen : true }" x-init="isOpen = !HSW.utilities.isMobile()">
				<p class="font-bold text-xl">
					


<span class="flex cursor-pointer justify-between md:justify-start" @click="isOpen = !isOpen" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="explore_links" role="button">

	
		<span>Explore</span>

			<svg class="mt-3 ml-3 md:hidden print:hidden shrink-0 fill-current stroke-current transition ease-in-out duration-200 transform" :class="{ 'rotate-180' : !isOpen, '' : isOpen }" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 28.396 13.211"><path d="M4398.8,5158.252l13.224,10.507,12.357-10.507" transform="translate(-4397.399 -5156.842)" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="2"></path></svg>
	
</span>				</p>
				<ul id="explore_links" class="list-none" x-show.transition="isOpen === true">
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://play.howstuffworks.com">Quizzes</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://coupons.howstuffworks.com">Coupons</a></li>
					<li><a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://www.howstuffworks.com/video">Video</a></li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div><div class="container mx-auto px-8 mb-8 text-center text-lg md:hidden">
		<div class="flex max-w-full justify-between mb-6">
			<a class="text-white hover:text-green underline" href="https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a>
			<a class="text-white hover:text-green underline" href="//www.howstuffworks.com/terms-and-conditions.htm">Terms</a>
		</div>
				<div id="footer-consent-link-mobile"><a data-track-gtm="Consent Change" class="text-white hover:text-green footer-consent-link ot-sdk-show-settings">Manage Preferences</a></div>
		
	</div>

	<div class="container mx-auto px-8 md:px-2">
		<div class="text-center" data-track-gtm="Copyright">
			<p class="mb-0 pb-4 text-sm">Copyright © 2024 HowStuffWorks, a <a class="text-white hover:text-green" href="https://system1.com/">System1</a> Property</p>
		</div>
	</div>

</div>
</footer>
</div>
								<script>
		HSW.utilities.docReady(function() {
			var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
			var elm = document.getElementById('async-footer');
			request.open('GET', 'https://www.howstuffworks.com/export/async-footer?nlPopup=1&nlFooter=1&locale=en-us', true);
			request.onload = function() {
				if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400) {
					elm.innerHTML = this.response;
					if (document.getElementById('subscribe-form') != null) {
						ajaxNewsletterForm('subscribe-form','subscribe-submit','subscribe-success','subscribe-failure');
					}
				} else {
					elm.innerHTML = "an error occurred. status=" + this.status;
				}
			};
			request.onerror = function() {
				elm.innerHTML = "an error occurred." + this.status;
			};
			request.send();
		});
		</script>
	

			
		
	
	<script>
	HSW.pq.add(() => {
		HSW.utilities.delayLoad(function () {
			let s = [
					'//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2943/js/vendor/videojs.min.js',
					'https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/sdkloader/ima3.js',
					'//cdn-assets.hswstatic.com/lite/2943/js/ux.video.min.js'
				];

			let p = [];
			s.forEach(function(url) {
				p.push(HSW.utilities.loadScriptAsync(url));
			});

			Promise.all(p)
			.then(function() {
				HSW.ux.video.init(true);
			}).catch(function(s) {
				console.error('HSW video embed: ' + s + ' failed to load');
			});
		});
	});
	</script>

	<script>HSW.utilities.loadScript(HSW.assetUrl + 'js/ux.editorial.min.js', true, function () {
		HSW.ux.editorial.init({
			'twitter' : false,
			'facebook' : false,
			'instagram' : false,
		});
	});</script>

<script>window.setupSinglePageUX=function(e){e=e||document;var t=new IntersectionObserver(function(e,t){Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,function(e){var a=e.target.dataset.logged,r=e.target.dataset.pageUrl,g=e.target.dataset.pageTitle||e.target.textContent.trim(),n=parseInt(e.target.dataset.pageNbr);e.isIntersecting&&"false"===a&&(dataLayer.push({event:"virtual-page-view",virtualPageUrl:r,virtualPageTitle:g,pageNbr:n}),e.target.dataset.logged="true",t.unobserve(e.target))})},{rootMargin:"0px",threshold:.5}),a=e.querySelectorAll(".firePageview");Array.prototype.forEach.call(a,function(e){t.observe(e)})},window.setupSinglePageUX();</script>

						
				
	<script>

		dfpSettings.ads = new Array;					dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-bannerTop');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobadhesion');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline1');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline2');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline3');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline4');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline5');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline6');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline7');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline8');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline9');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline10');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline11');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline12');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline13');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline14');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline15');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline16');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline17');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline18');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline19');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline20');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline1sponsor');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-inline2sponsor');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline1');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline2');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline3');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline4');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline5');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline6');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline7');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline8');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline9');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline10');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline11');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline12');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline13');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline14');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline15');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline16');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline17');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline18');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline19');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline20');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline21');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline22');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline23');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline24');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline25');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline26');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline27');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline28');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline29');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline30');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline1sponsor');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-mobinline2sponsor');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail1');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail2');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail3');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail4');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail5');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail6');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail7');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail8');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail9');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail10');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail11');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail12');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail13');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail14');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail15');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail16');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail17');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail18');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail19');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail20');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail21');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail22');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail23');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail24');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail25');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail26');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail27');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail28');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail29');
								dfpSettings.ads.push('ad-div-rail30');
			
	</script>



			<script>
			HSW.pq.add(() => {
				if (userData.adsActive) {
					HSW.utilities.loadScript(HSW.assetUrl + 'js/ads.min.js');
				}
				else {
					HSW.utilities.loadScript(HSW.assetUrl + 'js/fallback.min.js');
				}
			}, 'ads');
			</script>
			

<iframe style="display: none;" name="__tcfapiLocator" title="CMP Locator"></iframe><iframe name="__gppLocator" title="GPP Locator" style="display: none;"></iframe><div id="onetrust-consent-sdk" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="onetrust-pc-dark-filter ot-fade-in" style="z-index:2147483645;"></div><div id="onetrust-banner-sdk" class="otFlat ot-iab-2 bottom vertical-align-content ot-buttons-fw" tabindex="0" role="region" aria-label="Cookie banner"><div role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-label="We Care About Your Privacy"><div class="ot-sdk-container"><div class="ot-sdk-row"><div id="onetrust-group-container" class="ot-sdk-columns ot-sdk-ten"><div class="banner_logo"></div><div id="onetrust-policy"><h2 id="onetrust-policy-title">We Care About Your Privacy</h2><div id="onetrust-policy-text">We and our <span class="ot-tcf2-vendor-count ot-text-bold">870</span> partners store and access personal data, like browsing data or unique identifiers, on your device. Selecting "I Accept" enables tracking technologies to support the purposes shown under "we and our partners process data to provide," whereas selecting "Reject All" or withdrawing your consent will disable them. If trackers are disabled, some content and ads you see may not be as relevant to you. You can resurface this menu to change your choices or withdraw consent at any time by clicking the ["privacy preferences"] link on the bottom of the webpage [or the floating icon on the bottom-left of the webpage, if applicable]. Your choices will have effect within our Website. For more details, refer to our Privacy Policy.</div><div class="ot-dpd-container"><h3 class="ot-dpd-title">We and our partners process data to provide:</h3><div class="ot-dpd-content"><p class="ot-dpd-desc">Use precise geolocation data. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Store and/or access information on a device. Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development. <button class="ot-link-btn onetrust-vendors-list-handler">
        List of Partners (vendors)
        </button></p></div></div></div></div><div id="onetrust-button-group-parent" class="ot-sdk-columns ot-sdk-two"><div id="onetrust-button-group"><button id="onetrust-accept-btn-handler">Accept &amp; Continue</button>  <button id="onetrust-pc-btn-handler">Show Purposes</button></div></div></div></div><!-- Close Button --><div id="onetrust-close-btn-container"></div><!-- Close Button END--></div></div></div><img src="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/conversion/932435890/?label=HtPMCKDQp5QZELKvz7wD&amp;guid=ON&amp;script=0" height="1" width="1" style="border-style: none; display: none;"><img src="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/conversion/982246529/?label=sT-ICP-w_JQZEIHJr9QD&amp;guid=ON&amp;script=0" height="1" width="1" style="border-style: none; display: none;"><img src="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/conversion/1058340534/?label=w8daCMaRmpQZELb90_gD&amp;guid=ON&amp;script=0" height="1" width="1" style="border-style: none; display: none;"><iframe srcdoc="<script>
var eventValue = &quot;cq_98e2zj4j&quot; 
var cqEventInfo = {event: eventValue};
parent.cqEventInfo = cqEventInfo; 
parent.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(eventValue));
</script>" style="width: 0px !important; height: 0px !important; display: none !important;"></iframe><div id="batBeacon264782570796" style="width: 0px; height: 0px; display: none; visibility: hidden;"><img id="batBeacon106840846784" width="0" height="0" alt="" src="https://bat.bing.com/action/0?ti=211047010&amp;Ver=2&amp;mid=ccd5b319-782b-40a2-9002-8a9b34559555&amp;bo=1&amp;sid=3dd88130bb2a11efba91df6e23e2b552&amp;vid=3dd9cf90bb2a11efb06667cd632397da&amp;vids=1&amp;msclkid=N&amp;pi=918639831&amp;lg=en-US&amp;sw=1&amp;sh=1&amp;sc=24&amp;tl=What%20Are%20the%20Three%20Branches%20of%20U.S.%20Government%20and%20How%20Do%20They%20Work%20Together%3F%20%7C%20HowStuffWorks&amp;p=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm&amp;r=&amp;lt=1287&amp;evt=pageLoad&amp;sv=1&amp;cdb=AQEX&amp;rn=572682" style="width: 0px; height: 0px; display: none; visibility: hidden;"><img id="batBeacon37053883422" width="0" height="0" alt="" src="https://bat.bing.com/action/0?ti=211047010&amp;Ver=2&amp;mid=ccd5b319-782b-40a2-9002-8a9b34559555&amp;bo=2&amp;sid=3dd88130bb2a11efba91df6e23e2b552&amp;vid=3dd9cf90bb2a11efb06667cd632397da&amp;vids=0&amp;msclkid=N&amp;ec=CHEQ&amp;el=Invalid_Users&amp;ev=0&amp;ea=Invalid_Users&amp;en=Y&amp;p=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.howstuffworks.com%2Fthree-branches-government.htm&amp;sw=1&amp;sh=1&amp;sc=24&amp;evt=custom&amp;cdb=AQEX&amp;rn=620200" style="width: 0px; height: 0px; display: none; visibility: hidden;"></div><script src="//assets.bounceexchange.com/assets/smart-tag/versioned/runtime_c81e76ee00d795b1eebf8d27949f8dc5.br.js" async="async"></script><script src="//assets.bounceexchange.com/assets/smart-tag/versioned/main-v2_44fe2c098b60c8c639efcfedbd11da35.br.js" async="async"></script></body></html>